iTunes and the Future of Music Essay Example for Free

iTunes and the Future of Music Essay Through its iTunes, iPod, and exclusive music programming, Apple rules the legitimate music download industry. In any case, with the iPod contributing portion of all the firm’s incomes, Apple faces heightening rivalry acted by imitators such like the joint endeavor among Microsoft and MTV, and Samsung’s Helix. Notwithstanding the serious weights, iPod likewise faces legitimate difficulties. In France for instance, lawful establishments that force firms with exclusive music the board programming to open their code to others are going to be passed. Such a law will likewise normalize organizes over the business so tunes from one merchant could be played on a computerized player from some other framework. Apple has likewise needed to gaze intently at the four biggest record names most definitely. While the four biggest record marks favored variable valuing so as to amplify profit, Apple effectively contended at the level 99 pennies cost which is increasingly serious (Boone and Kurtz, 2008, ch. 4). The accomplishment of Apple outlines how pledge to the advertising direction theory is helpful in guaranteeing hierarchical achievement. Not at all like the significant record marks which demanded selling music bundled in CDs, Apple understood that music consumers’ tastes and inclinations had moved for the more helpful computerized design, and built up an item around such needs. Through the procedure of item improvement as distinguished by the Ansoff Matrix, we see Apple including to its product offering music recordings, mainstream TV shows, and short motion pictures (Mercer, 1996). Aside from the item, Apple additionally got different components of its promoting blend right. Specifically, its appropriation of the level $0. 99 cost as opposed to the variable valuing pushed by significant record names guarantees that the item stays serious. Its capacity to package together its three items the iPod, iTunes and exclusive music programming is likewise a keen advertising trick that has empowered it to secure clients (Boone and Kurtz, 2008, ch. 4). Macintosh infers its practical upper hand from its restrictive music programming just as its one of a kind player iPod. By instituting laws that permit Apple’s rivals access to its code, and by normalizing designs over the business with the goal that melodies from different sellers could play from the iPod and the other way around, the new guidelines will fundamentally be dissolving the wellspring of the upper hand delighted in by Apple in the computerized music industry. Consequently, should the French enactment succeed, it would be better for Apple to pull iTunes out of the French market (Boone and Kurtz, 2008, ch. 4).

Examine jungs understanding of religeon Essay Example for Free

Analyze jungs comprehension of religeon Essay Carl Gustav Jung a Swiss specialist and a contemporary to the most disputable personalities: Freud, who of which Jung’s hypotheses in any case were affected by, yet later developed resistance towards his thoughts and began seeking after his own. Essentially Viewing religion as a characteristic procedure and considered it as something that was at last useful for our psychological prosperity. Jung’s comprehension of religion is seriously founded on his individual view of brain research, with the goal for one to comprehend his hypothesis it is fundamental to recognize key highlights. In the first place Jung contended the charisma which is supposed to be the primary driver of mental issues is the place mystic vitality is created, the vitality is required for crafted by our character to be performed proficiently, restricting to what Freud characterizes as a sexual drive fundamental to be discharged. This shows Jung sees religion as something of a more profound significance and holds much more incentive to be classed as something made due to our as far as anyone knows liable sexual wants. Jung’s work with patients with a scope of various convictions lead to him framing a connection between various sorts of religions. Jung distinguished the likenesses found in various religions for instance in Islam Muslim’s allude to god as light ‘nur’ correspondingly in Christianity â€Å"I am the light of the world. Whoever tails me will never stroll in dimness, yet will have the light of life. (John 8:12) in this way Christians portray his as the ‘Light of the World’. Such examinations that are too intricate to even consider being classed as a result made Jung proclaim not exclusively do we as a whole as people have an un-cognizant part and cognizant part split in our cerebrum, we likewise all have an aggregate un-cognizant in our un cognizant which we are totally brought into the world with and is the most established piece of our mind. Because of everyone having a similar aggregate oblivious outcomes to us making similar pictures, in this way clarifying why everybody shares a comparable thought of god, shared by the entirety of mankind. These pictures are shaped in the prime example, Jung expressed the model is classified into five unique parts: the persona, shadow, ill will, anima and God and self. Jung thought oneself was the most essential piece of our mind; with the goal for us to guarantee we remain sound it looks for the combination of the entirety of the pieces of our characters â€Å"Individuation implies turning into a ‘in-dividual’, and to the extent that ‘individuality’ grasps our deepest, last, and exceptional uniqueness, it likewise suggests turning out to be one’s own self. We could thusly make an interpretation of individuation as ‘coming to self-hood’ or ‘self-acknowledgment. † Jung states are un-cognizant psyche which is part in 5 sections is set of at some point during our life and results to turning out to be un-offset alongside the irregularity of the cognizant and oblivious piece of our mind, the disappointment of keeping up concordance prompts a reason for mental turmoil with the goal for us to forestall this we go to religion to make us an entire individual, we need answers and a confidence in god, religion is utilized as a fix. The pictures made in the god classification of our paradigm gracefully us to effectively incorporate the cognizant and un-cognizant pieces of our character. Jung’s hypothesis clarifies why we as people esteem religion; in the event that one of us were to restrict it we would be upsetting our characteristic individuation process. In this manner tolerating religion is gainful for our rational soundness and emotional wellness, Jung saw religion from a constructive point of view in spite of the fact that he didn't by and by accept that god exists his methodology on the subject was particular â€Å"nothing positive or negative has been declared about the conceivable presence of any god† Jung expressed despite the fact that the probability of god existing is thin yet he may exist. Moreover expelling religion would conceivably cause mental issues, rather than Freud who felt religion is a sickness everybody ought to endeavor to survive. Jung states religion balances out you and makes you entirety.

75 Items You May Be Able to Deduct from Your Tax

75 Items You May Be Able to Deduct from Your Tax INTRODUCTION Th?r? ?r? a couple ?f thing? ?n? ??uld ?lw??? d?du?t fr?m th?ir t?x??. With th? r???nt t?x law changes related t? th? T?x Cut? and J?b? A?t ?f 2017 in?r???ing ?t?nd?rd d?du?ti?n ?m?unt?, it i? im??rt?nt t? und?r?t?nd ways to r?du?? your taxable in??m?.A t?x d?du?ti?n i? ????nti?ll? a r?du?ti?n in in??m? th?t i? ?ubj??t t? state ?nd f?d?r?l in??m? taxes. B? d??r???ing your t?t?l t?x?bl? income, t?x d?du?ti?n? ??n r?du?? the ?m?unt ?f in??m? tax ??u w?uld h?v? otherwise owed.T?x d?du?ti?n? ?r? most commonly a r??ult ?f ??m? bu?in??? r?l?t?d ?x??n???, but th?? ?r? also a w?? thr?ugh whi?h th? g?v?rnm?nt ?r?vid?? ?n in??ntiv? f?r ????l? t? ??rti?i??t? in activities th?t h?v? greater ???i?t?l b?n?fit.S?m? examples in?lud? making charitable donations, ??ting f?r m?r? ?nvir?nm?nt?ll? fri?ndl? purchases ?nd ?v?n ??ving? f?r retirement.Wh?t Does It M??n If Something I? T?x D?du?tibl??  If ??m?thing i? t?x-d?du?tibl?, it m?? reduce your in??m? t?x bill b? r?du?ing ??ur t?x?bl? inc ome (?l?? kn?wn ?? ??ur adjusted gr??? in??m? ?r AGI).M?n? ????l? ??n?id?r t?x deductions ?? a tool only u??d by th? rich ?nd f?m?u?, but th?? are mi?t?k?n.In f??t, there ?r? plenty of tax deductions ?v?il?bl? for middl?- ?nd l?w?r-in??m? families. S?m? common t?x d?du?tibl? it?m? ?r? things lik? ??m? health in?ur?n?? premiums, ?h?rit?bl? gift? ?nd donations, and r???id mortgage ?r ?tud?nt l??n interest.Whether or not a t?x-d?du?tibl? ?x??n?? ultim?t?l? r?du??? th? in??m? t?x you owe d???nd? ?n ??v?r?l f??t?r?.The bigg??t differentiator in tax deductions i? wh?th?r a taxpayer d??id?? t? take th? ?t?nd?rd deduction or t? it?miz? their d?du?ti?n?. H?w?v?r, if ?n it?m is tax d?du?tibl? ?nd you h?v? t?x?bl? in??m?, ??u will most likely ??v? ?n your in??m? t?x??.Wh?t is the Difference b?tw??n “? Tax D?du?ti?n” ?nd “? T?x Cr?dit”?   B?th t?x d?du?ti?n? ?nd tax ?r?dit? can l?w?r your income tax bill, but they do ?? in different ways.As ?t?t?d ?b?v?, tax d?du?ti?n? ??n l?w?r your in ??m? tax bill b? lowering the ?m?unt ?f income that i? ?ubj??t t? t?x??. A? such, the r?du?ti?n in t?x?? ?w?d i? ??uiv?l?nt t? th? t?t?l amount ??u have in t?x deductions tim?? your m?rgin?l tax r?t?.A t?x ?r?dit, on th? ?th?r h?nd, dir??tl? r?du??? the income t?x?? ??u ?w? d?ll?r-f?r-d?ll?r. At such, t?x ?r?dit? ?r? mu?h more v?lu?bl? and also mu?h l??? ??mm?n.Income t?x credits r?du?? ??ur federal income tax after your t?x has already b??n calculated, which m?k?? th?m a ??w?rful t??l f?r bringing down ??ur tax bill. Ch??k ?ut thi? page f?r m?r? inf?rm?ti?n ?n income t?x ?r?dit?.But that i? not to ??? th?t t?x deductions ?r?nt viable.If u??d wi??l?, they can not only save ??u money ?n ??ur t?t?l t?x bill, but th?? ??n ?l?? h?l? you fund ??ur r?tir?m?nt.H?R? ?R? 75 IT?M? ??U M?? B? ?BL? TO D?DU?T FR?M ??UR TAXAccounting feesAccounting f??s v?ri?? d???nding ?n th? amount of work ?nd on the tax ?r???r?r.Th?r? ?r? diff?r?nt ?x??n??? that ??u in?ur right fr?m th? ?t?g? ?f ??l?ul?ting th ? tax payable ?m?unt to filling forms, ?nd then fin?ll? g?tting th? t?x deposited with th? g?v?rnm?nt.All ?x??n??? in?luding accounting ?x??n???, b??kk???ing ?x??n??? ?nd ?uditing ?x??n??? ??m? under accounting f??? tax d?du?ti?n?.Th?r?f?r?, you ??n d?du?t th??? fees from ??ur t?x?bl? in??m?.Adv?rti?ingY?u m?? deduct ?x??n??? f?r advertising ??ur bu?in???. It? im??rt?nt t? n?t? that the expenses for ?dv?rti?ing ?h?uld b? ?rdin?r? and reasonable.S?m? ?x?m?l?? w?uld b? ?rinting of business ??rd?, Y?ll?w P?g?? ?d?, newspaper advertisements, TV ?nd R?di? ?d? costs (in?luding ?r?du?ti?n ???t?), and ???t? f?r setting up your bu?in??? w?b?it?.Expenses for promotion activities, lik? ???n??ring l???l ?v?nt?, special ?v?nt? t? bring ????l? t? ??ur bu?in??? ?r? ?ubli?it? ???t?.C??t? for m??l? ?nd entertainment for ?r?m?ti?n ??tiviti?? are n?t ?ubj??t t? th? 50% limit on m??l? ?nd ?nt?rt?inm?nt for bu?in??? tr?v?l.F?r ?x?m?l?, if ??u h?v? a grand ???ning ?v?nt f?r ??ur l???l ??mmunit? th?t incl udes a meal and entertainment, the IRS ??n?id?r? thi? ?dv?rti?ing, ?nd you ??n d?du?t the full cost of th? ?v?nt, in?luding f??d ?nd ?nt?rt?inm?nt.Th? IRS says ??ur business ??n u?u?ll? d?du?t the ???t ?f g??dwill ?dv?rti?ing t? k??? ??ur name in fr?nt of th? ?ubli?. F?r ?x?m?l?, ?n ?d by an achoholic bervage ??m??n? ?r?m?ting r????n?ibl? drinking can be d?du?ted.Am?rtiz?ti?nAm?rtiz?ti?n is the same process ?? d??r??i?ti?n, ?nl? for int?ngibl? ????t? th??? items that have v?lu?, but th?t you ??nt touch.F?r ?x?m?l?, a ??t?nt ?r trademark has value, as d??? g??dwill. The IRS h?? d??ign?t?d ??rt?in int?ngibl? assets ?? ?ligibl? for amortization over 15 ???r?, ????rding t? Section 197 ?f th? Int?rn?l Revenue C?d?.Th? ?nl? intangible ????t th?t i? n?t amortized is g??dwill. Th?t? because g??dwill ??nt b? ??l?ul?t?d until th? business is ??ld ?r changes h?nd?.Auto ?x??n???Y?u ??n d?du?t int?r??t ?n an ?ut? l??n, r?gi?tr?ti?n ?nd property t?x f???, ?nd also ??rking ?nd t?ll? in addition t o the ?t?nd?rd mileage r?t? d?du?ti?n, as long ?? you ??n prove that th?? ?r? bu?in??? expenses.Here’s a li?t ?f auto-related ?x??n??? you might incur.Gas and oil,Maintenance and repairs,Tir??,R?gi?tr?ti?n fees ?nd t?x??,Li??n???,Vehicle l??n int?r??t,In?ur?n??,Rental ?r lease ???m?nt?,Depreciation,G?r?g? r?nt,Tolls ?nd ??rking f???.Generally, th? ??r??nt?g? ?f tim? (based on mil??) that th? vehicle i? used f?r business d?t?rmin?? th? d?du?tibl? ??rti?n ?f th??? ?x??n???Bad d?bt? that ??u ??nn?t collectIn th? n?rm?l course ?f bu?in???, ??m??ni?? ?r? ?ft?n obliged t? ?xt?nd ?r?dit t? th?ir customers ?nd clients, ??m? ?f whom will in?vit?bl? ?truggl? t? ??? th?ir bill?.F?r th??? who do n?t ???, th? T?x Code ?r?vid?? relief in the f?rm of a d?du?ti?n for bu?in??? bad d?bt? ?n receivables th?t r??ult from the ??l? ?f goods ?nd ??rvi??? with ?th?r bu?in???-r?l?t?d l??n?.In most cases, a bu?in??? b?d d?bt m?? ?nl? b? ?l?im?d if the amount ?w?d t? ??u w?? ?r?vi?u?l? in?lud?d in in??m? un der th? ???ru?l b??i? ?f accounting.Under the ???ru?l m?th?d, ?ll of ??ur billing? ?r? r???gniz?d as in??m?, regardless of wh?th?r th?? have b??n ??ll??t?d.B? d?finiti?n, th?r?f?r?, t?x?bl? in??m? ?lr??d? includes th? billing? fr?m ??ur non-paying customers.Once they are d??m?d un??ll??tibl?, a bad d?bt d?du?ti?n i? n??????r? in ?rd?r to remove th??? ?u?t?m?r? fr?m t?x?bl? in??m?.Thi? i? referred t? ?? the ????ifi? ?h?rg?-?ff (or dir??t write-off) m?th?d, which r??uir?? th?t ????ifi? ?u?t?m?r accounts be identified ?nd ?h?rg?d ?ff as partially or ??m?l?t?l? w?rthl???.Some bad d?bt? ?r? ??r??n?l in nature (i.?. n? bu?in??? ??nn??ti?n or ?ur????), ?u?h ?? loans t? individu?l?.As ?u?h, n?n-bu?in??? bad d?bt? are treated as ?h?rt-t?rm ???it?l losses ?n S?h?dul? D and ?r? th?r?b? limit?d t? $3,000 ($1,500 for m?rri?d filing separate t?x????r?) ??r ???r in th? ?b??n?? of ???it?l gains t? ?ff??t ?dditi?n?l l?????.Any ?x???? m?? be carried over t?, and d?du?t?d in subsequent ???r? ?ubj??t t ? th? $3,000/$1,500 annual limit.B?nking f???There ?r? tw? in?t?n??? in whi?h taxpayers ??n d?du?t a b?nk fee.The first is when ??u withdr?w fund? fr?m a ??rtifi??t? ?f d????it (CD) b?f?r? it reaches m?turit?. Th? b?nk m?? im???? ?n early withdr?w?l ??n?lt?, which is u?u?ll? ??uiv?l?nt t? ??v?r?l m?nth?’ worth ?f interest earnings.Thi? penalty ??n be t?x deducted.S???ndl?, th? IRS will ?l?? ?ll?w you to d?du?t th? r?nt?l ???t? ?f a safe deposit box if ??u u?? th? box to store t?x?bl? in??m?-?r?du?ing ?t??k?, bonds or inv??tm?nt-r?l?t?d ????r? and documents.If the ??f? d????it b?x i? u??d ?nl? t? ?t?r? j?w?ll?r?, ??r??n?l it?m? ?r t?x-?x?m?t ???uriti??, th? rental f??? ??nn?t be deducted. C?mm?n b?nking f??? such as m?nthl? service f???, ?v?rdr?ft f???, check-writing f??? and ATM f??? are n?t tax-deductible ?n ??r??n?l bank accounts.B??rd m??ting?A board meeting is ????ifi??ll? m??nt f?r ??m??n? directors. It is n?t a general b?d? meeting wh?r? ?nl? th? ?h?r?h?ld?r? m??t; but it is a m??ting wh?r? th? directors di??u?? about v?ri?u? issues ?nd futur? ?r?????t? of th? ??m??n?.Th? ?x??n??? related to the w?rking ?f a b??rd of dir??t?r? ?r? evidently termed ?? ordinary ?nd n??????r? ?x??nditur? of conducting bu?in??? ?? ??r Income T?x rul?? and are thus deductible.C?n a husband ?nd wif? ?l?im a tax d?du?ti?n for a ??r??r?t? board of dir??t?r? m??ting where they ?r? the only ??rti?i??nt?? W?ll, according t? th? IRS audit manual, th? ?n?w?r i? NO. P?r the IRS ?udit m?nu?l, “B??rd meetings between hu?b?nd ?nd wif? are n?t ?rdin?r? ?nd n??????r? bu?in??? ?x??n???, but ??r??n?l ?nt?rt?inm?nt ?x??n???, and are th?r?f?r? n?t d?du?tibl?Building r???ir? ?nd maintenanceS?l? ?r??ri?t?r?, businesses of ?ll ?iz?? ?nd rental ?r???rt? ?wn?r? can deduct expenses for r???ir? and maintenance ?f th?ir ?r???rt? ?nd equipment. The IRS i??u?d n?w r?gul?ti?n? th?t t??k ?ff??t in 2014.These new r?gul?ti?n? tight?n?d up the rules f?r h?w r???ir? and m?int?n?n?? ?x??n??? are deducted.I f a particular repair m?k?? ??ui?m?nt better, r??t?r?? the ?r???rt? t? it? n?rm?l condition, ?r adapts property t? a new or different u??, then the expense i? ???it?liz?d ?nd depreciated over ??v?r?l ???r?.Repair and m?int?n?n?? ?x??n??? th?t d? n?t fall und?r th? ??t?g?ri?? of b?tt?rm?nt?, restorations or adaptations can be d?du?t?d in full in th? ???r the ?x??n?? was ??id.G?n?r?ll?, you ??n d?du?t ?m?unt? ??id f?r repairs ?nd m?int?n?n?? t? t?ngibl? ?r???rt? if the amounts ??id ?r? not otherwise r??uir?d to be ???it?liz?d. (IRS.gov, Publi??ti?n 535, Bu?in??? Expenses, chapter 7, ???ti?n ?n R???ir ?nd M?int?n?n?? C??t?.)B? defining wh?t we can deduct in t?rm? of wh?t we are n?t r??uir?d t? ???it?liz?, thi? f?r??? u? t? ??k the question: d??? thi? ?x??n?? h?v? t? b? ???it?liz?d? If n?t, th?n w? ??n deduct it.Bu?in??? ?????i?ti?n membership du??If you r?gul?rl? shell ?ut ??ur h?rd-??rn?d wages t?w?rd the ???t ?f m?mb?r?hi? in a ?r?f???i?n?l organization, ??u ??n generally find t?x r? li?f by d?du?ting business ?????i?ti?n dues.However, the IRS ?ti?ul?t?? that the membership ?????i?t?d with th??? dues mu?t be ordinary ?nd n??????r? and ??tu?ll? h?l? ??u carry ?ut th? duti?? ?f ??ur trade. If ??ur m?tiv?ti?n f?r j?ining ?n organization i? primarily f?r ?l???ur? ?r for ???i?l purposes, those associated m?mb?r?hi? du?? ?r? n?t deductible.What ??rt? ?f ?ntiti?? are r?g?rd?d ?? professional ?rg?niz?ti?n??Th? IRS ???t? a considerably wid? n?t ?f qu?lif?ing organizations, including not ?nl? b?r and m?di??l associations and ?h?mb?r? ?f ??mm?r??, but boards ?f tr?d?, business l??gu??, ?ivi? or ?ubli? service ?rg?niz?ti?n? like th? Kiw?ni?, r??l estate boards ?nd trade associations.However, th? fr??ti?n of membership du?? th?t g??? t?w?rd l?bb?ing ?r ??liti??l ??tiviti??â€"?v?n when applicable t? ??ur ????ifi? lin? of bu?in???â€"i? n?t ??n?id?r?d a deductible expense.Business tr?v?lFor m?n? ?m?ll bu?in??? ?wn?r?, traveling a f?w times a ???r (?r even ?? ?ft?n ?? ?v?r? w??k ) i? a n?????it?.F?rtun?t?l?, ??u ??n deduct m?n? ?f ??ur bu?in??? expenses on ??ur taxes. As l?ng as you ?r? actually ??ndu?ting bu?in??? in a ?it? ?th?r th?n the one ??u liv? in, th? f?ll?wing business ?x??n??? g?n?r?ll? qualify ?? t?x-d?du?tibl?.Tr?n???rt?ti?n: Wh?th?r ??u fl?, t?k? a tr?in ?r bus, ?r r?nt a ??r t? g?t t? your business m??ting? or ??nf?r?n??, ??u ??n deduct the expense. Toll and ??rking f??? qualify, as w?ll. And don’t f?rg?t ??ur standard mil??g? r?t? d?du?ti?n. F?r ?v?r? mil? ??u drive for bu?in???, you ??n ?urr?ntl? deduct 57.5 ??nt?. This ?ff??t? wh?t you ???nd on g?? ?nd u?k??? on th? ??r (it counts wh?th?r it’? your ?wn ??r ?r a r?nt?l). T?xi rides ??unt t??, so m?k? sure to get a receipt.Meals: Th? IRS will let ??u d?du?t dining ?x??n???, within reason. A???rding t? th? IRS w?b?it?, the deduction f?r bu?in??? meals is g?n?r?ll? limited t? 50 ??r??nt ?f the ???t. S? b?f?r? ??u go f?r that $100 f???t, r??liz? that only h?lf qualifies f?r writ?-?ff.Lodgin g: Y?u ??n ?l?? writ? ?ff ??ur ????mm?d?ti?n?. B? ?ur? t? ??k for an it?miz?d bill when ??u ?h??k ?ut, b???u?? ??m? hotel ?x??n??? might b? ineligible, like ??ur trip t? th? mini b?r or m?vi? rental.C?nf?r?n?? F???, Equipment R?nt?l, ?nd Miscellany: An? expenses you in?ur th?t are n??????r? for your bu?in??? tri?, lik? r?gi?tr?ti?n for ?n ?v?nt, r?nting ??ui?m?nt for a presentation, ?r dry ?l??ning ?nd laundry f?r your business apparel, all qualify for t?x deduction.Expenses that ?r? not t?x d?du?tibl? include f?mil? tr?v?l expenses, ?x??n??? in ??ur home ?it? ?nd unreasonable expenses that w?r? n?t n??????r? f?r ??u to conduct businessC?f?t?ri? health-insurance plan (requires ?l?n)A ???ti?n 125 or ??f?t?ri? ?l?n allows employees to withh?ld a portion of th?ir pre-tax ??l?r? t? cover certain medical ?r child-care ?x??n???. Th??? b?n?fit? are fr?? from f?d?r?l ?nd ?t?t? income t?x??.Therefore ?n ?m?l????? t?x?bl? in??m? i? r?du??d, whi?h increases th? ??r??nt?g? ?f their take-home ?? ?.And b???u?? th? ?r?-t?x b?n?fit? ?r?nt ?ubj??t to f?d?r?l ???i?l ???urit? withh?lding taxes, employers win by n?t h?ving t? ??? FICA?r workers comp premiumson those d?ll?r?.Charitable d?du?ti?n? made for a business ?ur????An? business can m?k? ??ntributi?n? to charitable ?rg?niz?ti?n? but th?r? may b? limit? ?n these d?du?ti?n?, ?nd th? ??ntributi?n? m?? ?nl? be deductible to the individu?l ?wn?r?, not t? the business.The 2017 tax r?f?rm law h?? changed th? l?nd????? ?f ?h?rit?bl? giving. The standard d?du?ti?n h?? almost d?ubl?d for 2018 ?nd b???nd. The n?w ?t?nd?rd d?du?ti?n i? $12,000 for singles (u? fr?m $6,350 for 2017) ?nd $24,000 for m?rri?d ??u?l?? wh? file jointly (u? fr?m $12,700).While the in?r???? in the ?t?nd?rd d?du?ti?n i? ?u?????d to ?im?lif? tax r?turn filing, it also means th?t individu?l taxpayers, in?luding ?wn?r? ?f bu?in????? that are not ??r??r?ti?n?, have l??? in??ntiv? t? giv? to ?h?riti??.If you w?nt t? give ?nd g?t a d?du?ti?n, ??u mu?t it?miz? ?ll chari table deductions, in th? h??? ?f g?tting above th? standard d?du?ti?n amount.H?w th??? ??ntributi?n? are d?du?t?d ?nd whi?h t?x return th?? ?r? deducted from d???nd? ?n the t??? of organization.Cl??ning / j?nit?ri?l servicesClaiming a tax writ?-?ff for th? ???t? ??u incur purchasing ?l??ning ?u??li?? or hiring a service to d? th? ?l??ning f?r ??u i? n?t ?v?il?bl? if it’s a ??r??n?l ?x??n??, such ?? f?r th? ?l??ning of ??ur h?m?.H?w?v?r, th? write-off is permissible if ??u incur the expense t? clean a h?m? ?ffi??, a rental ?r???rt? or in a bu?in??? ??nt?xt.When you ???r?t? a bu?in??? ?ut of ??ur h?m? ?r your employer r??uir?? ??u to work r?m?t?l?, th? IRS ?ll?w? ??u to claim a portion ?f ??ur m?nthl? housing expenses in the h?m? ?ffi?? d?du?ti?n.The ?m?unt of ??ur annual housing ???t? th?t ?r? d?du?tibl? is equal to the ??r??nt?g? ??u ??l?ul?t? b? dividing th? square f??t?g? ?f the ????? ??u use exclusively for ??ur w?rk ?r bu?in??? by th? total ??u?r? f??t?g? ?f ??ur h?m?.Since ?? u ??n in?lud? th? ???t ?f ?ur?h??ing cleaning ?u??li?? ?r hiring a maid t? ?l??n ??ur ?ntir? h?m?, including th? home ?ffi??, multi?l? the ??r??nt?g? ??u calculate b? ??ur annual cleaning-related ???t? to get ??ur cleaning writ?-?ff.C?ll??ti?n Ex??n???C?ll??ti?n Ex??n??? m??n? all r????n?bl? ?ut-?f-???k?t ???t? ?r ?x??n??? (if ?n?) ?nd, if applicable, r????n?bl? tr?n???ti?n ???t? (in?luding reasonable l?g?l ?nd ????unting fees ?nd ?x??n???, ?nd t?x?? ??id or payable ?? a result thereof), in?urr?d or reasonably ?nti?i??t?d t? b? in?urr?d by th? C?m??n? in ??nn??ti?n with th? ??ll??ti?n, ?nf?r??m?nt, negotiation, ??n?umm?ti?n, ??ttl?m?nt, ?r????ding?, administration or ?th?r activity r?l?t?d t? th? r???i?t or ??ll??ti?n of the r?l?v?nt proceeds, ?? ???li??bl?.They are t?x d?du?tibl?.C?mmi??i?n? t? ?ut?id? ??rti??Y?u (as a business ?wn?r) may deduct ??mmi??i?n? and f??? ??id t? employees and independent ??ntr??t?r? f?r th?ir ??rvi???.F?r ?x?m?l?, if ??u ??id a broker a ??mmi??i?n to h? l? ??u bu? a bu?in???, thi? commission is deductible ?? a business ?x??n??.Or if ??u ??id a find?r? fee to someone f?r finding ??u a bu?in??? t? bu?, ??u m?? also d?du?t this ?m?unt.C?m?ut?r? ?nd tech ?u??li??PC?, ?rint?r?, ?nd ?th?r expensive t??h hardware ?r? ??n?id?r?d assets that retain v?lu? over several ???r?, but th? IRS giv?? ??u a ?h?i?? ?n how t? deduct th?ir ???t?.You ??n ?ith?r d??r??i?t? them, m??ning that you spread th? d?du?ti?n over th? numb?r ?f ???r? th? IRS considers to b? th? u??ful life of the it?m (thi? m?? not ?gr?? with your ??ini?n), ?r ??u can writ? th? ?ntir? ???t ?ff in one f?ll ?w??? ?? a S??ti?n 179 d?du?ti?n.How ??u ?h???? to ?r????d depends a lot on wh?t you expect ??ur in??m? ?nd ?th?r expenses t? l??k like g?ing f?rw?rd. Did you h?v? a big ???r, ?nd d? ??u w?nt t? l?w?r ??ur ?r?fit? t? minimiz? th? t?x bite?Go ahead ?nd t?k? th??? full Section 179 d?du?ti?n?.But r?m?mb?r, if ??u write ?v?r?thing off imm?di?t?l?, ??u will have l??? t? deduct n?xt ??? r ?nd th? ???r after.C?n?ulting f???You may deduct f??? ??id t? accountants, ?tt?rn??? ?r ?th?r professionals wh? ?r? independent ??ntr??t?r?, for ?rdin?r? ?nd n??????r? expenses of your bu?in???.This in?lud?? appraisers, ???t?m? ?n?l??t?, ??n?ult?nt?, and b??kk????r?.The IRS ????ifi??ll? li?t? ????unt?nt? ?nd attorneys under th? ??t?g?r? ?f l?g?l and ?r?f???i?n?l f???, but other ?r?f???i?n?l? ??n be included.Personal Ex??n???: Fees ??id t? ?r?f???i?n?l? f?r ??r??n?l ?dvi??, personal t?x??, ?r ??r??n?l l?g?l ??rvi??? ?r? n?t d?du?tibl? business ?x??n???. Thi? w?uld ???l? t? m?nthl? f??? (f?r b??kk???ing, for example) ?nd f?r annual ?r ?n?-tim? ???m?nt?.For ?x?m?l?, if ??u h?v? tax preparation f??? for b?th your bu?in??? and ??r??n?l taxes, ??ull n??d t? ????r?t? the cost b?tw??n th? tw? ??rti?n? ?f your return.Continuing education f?r yourself t? m?int?in li??n?ing ?nd improve skillsEducation ?x??n??? ?r? l?gitim?t? business expenses. M?n? employers ?r?vid? ?du??ti?n?l b?n?fit? f?r th?ir ?m?l?????.S?m? ?f these b?n?fit? ?r? for continuing ?du??ti?n, to m?int?in professional li??n???, or to gain new skills, credentials, ?r d?gr??? t? b?n?fit b?th the ?m?l???? ?nd ?m?l???r ?nd th??? ?x??n??? ?r? tax d?du?tibl?. S?lf-?m?l???d bu?in??? owners ?l?? m?? be ?bl? to d?du?t ?du??ti?n ?x??n???.Conventions ?nd trade ?h?w?Indu?tr? tr?d? ?h?w? are an awesome w?? for ?tt?nd??? t? g?in indu?tr? know-how ?nd fu?l th?ir professional ambitions. Fortunately our t?x rul?? ?ll?w a d?du?ti?n for all ?f th? ?rdin?r? and n??????r? ?x??n??? paid ?r incurred in ??rr?ing on a tr?d? ?r business.All th?t is required is a b?n? fid? bu?in??? purpose t? ?l?im th? t?x deductions. Y?u ??n ?l?im tax d?du?ti?n? f?r th? ???t ?f: Conference ?r trade show r?gi?tr?ti?n f???, St?nd?rd mileage f?r a v?hi?l? driven t? th? m??ting, trade ?h?w ?r ??nv?nti?n, Air, bu? ?r train f?r?, L?dging, in?luding ti??, 50 percent ?f meal ?x??n???, 50 percent of the ???t ?f ?nt?rt?ining ?u?t?m?r? or ?li?nt?Costs ?f go ods soldCosts in?lud? ?ll costs ?f ?ur?h???, ???t? ?f conversion ?nd other ???t? that ?r? in?urr?d in bringing the inv?nt?ri?? t? th?ir ?r???nt l???ti?n ?nd condition. Costs ?f g??d? made b? the businesses include material, l?b?ur, ?nd ?ll???t?d ?v?rh??d.C??t ?f g??d? ??ld is a r?du?ti?n in bu?in??? income, ?? th? high?r you ??n legitimately make ???t ?f goods sold, th? l??? in??m? you will h?v? t? ??? t?x?? ?n.Th? process ?f ??l?ul?ting ???t ?f goods ??ld i? the same f?r ?ll bu?in??? t????: Gather the inf?rm?ti?n needed f?r thi? calculation. You will need t? know th? valuation method, b?ginning ?nd ?nding inv?nt?r?, ?nd the ???t ?f l?b?ur and purchases. Th?n do the cost ?f goods ??ld calculation, which ?t?rt? with b?ginning inv?nt?r?, adding in ???t? ?f m?t?ri?l?, l?b?ur, ?nd ?th?r ???t? during th? ?nd, ?nd then ??l?ul?ting ending inventory.Where th? ??l?ul?ti?n ?f cost of g??d? ??ld i? d?n? d???nd? ?n the tax r?turn. For Schedule C (f?r ??l? ?r??ri?t?r? ?nd ?ingl?-m?mb?r LLC?), th ? ??l?ul?ti?n is d?n? in P?rt III.   F?r ?ll ?th?r bu?in??? t????, th? calculation i? d?n? ?n F?rm 1125-A.Cr?dit ??rd ??nv?ni?n?? feesBoth individuals ?nd bu?in????? can t?k? ?dv?nt?g? ?f certain tax rules t? d?du?t fees th?t ?r? in?urr?d through various credit ??rd tr?n???ti?n?. F?r example, ??u ??n deduct ?r?dit and d?bit card f??? in?urr?d if you ??id your individu?l f?d?r?l in??m? taxes ?l??tr?ni??ll?.Another d?du?ti?n i? ?v?il?bl? if a ?r?dit ??rd company im????? f??? on ??ur business for th? ??rvi?? ?f ?r?????ing charged sales. If ??u h?v? a business credit ??rd, ??u ?l?? qualify for deductions b???d on annual f??? ?nd l?t? f??? charged by your ?r?vid?r.D??r??i?ti?nD??r??i?ti?n allows small business ?wn?r? t? r?du?? the value ?f an asset ?v?r tim?, du? t? it? ?g?, wear ?nd t??r, ?r d????.It’? ?n annual in??m? t?x d?du?ti?n th?t’? li?t?d as an ?x??n?? ?n ?n income ?t?t?m?nt; you t?k? a d??r??i?ti?n d?du?ti?n b? filing F?rm 4562 with ??ur t?x r?turn.Assets th?t ?r? typically d??r??i?bl? include building?, computers, ?qui?m?nt, m??hin?r?, ?ffi?? furnitur? ?nd w?rk v?hi?l??, but ??u might ?l?? be ?bl? t? d??r??i?t? int?ngibl? ?r???rt? such ?? patents or ????right?, ????rding to th? IRS.Property that ??nn?t b? d??r??i?t?d includes land (since it d??? n?t g?t u??d u? ?nd it is n?t ?ubj??t to w??r and t??r), inv?nt?r? (?in?? it is m??nt for ??l?), ?nd l????d ?r???rt? (?in?? you d?n’t ?wn it).Dining during bu?in??? travelWh?n ??ur? ?n th? r??d, th?r?? n?thing more ?nj???bl? than a good m??l. But the food will lik?l? taste ?v?n b?tt?r if ??u ??n d?du?t the ???t fr?m your t?x??. Meal ?x??n??? in?urr?d while tr?v?lling f?r business ?r? partly deductible, but ??u mu?t f?ll?w ?tri?t IRS rul??.The IRS figur?? that wh?th?r ??u’r? ?t home ?r away ?n a bu?in??? trip, you h?v? t? ??t. B???u?? h?m? meals ?rdin?ril? ?r?n’t d?du?tibl?, the IRS won’t let ??u deduct ?ll of your food ?x??n??? whil? tr?v?ling. In?t??d, ??u can d?du?t ?nl? 50% ?f your m??l ?x??n??? wh ile ?n a bu?in??? tri?.Th?r? ?r? two ways to calculate your m??l ?x??n?? d?du?ti?n: Y?u ??n keep tr??k ?f ??ur ??tu?l ?x??n??? ?r u?? a d?il? r?t? ??t by the f?d?r?l g?v?rnm?nt.Di???unt? t? ?u?t?m?r?Bu?in??? discounts do n?t ?ff?r direct tax b?n?fit? f?r ??ur ?m?ll business.Customer di???unt? ?n goods and services ??n help ??ur ?m?ll bu?in??? ??rn m?r? money in th? l?ng t?rm ?nd may ?ll?w ??u t? devote ???it?l t? ?r?gr?m? that ??n earn your ??m??n? a t?x ?r?dit ?r tw? in th? years t? come.Edu??ti?n and tr?ining f?r employees (new)An ?m?l???r that trains a new worker ?r ?n existing worker for n?w duties incurs what our t?x l?w? ??n?id?r “ordinary and n??????r?” t?x d?du?tibl? bu?in??? ?x??n???. Therefore, you ??n d?du?t those ?x??n??? fr?m ??ur tax.Em?l???? wagesGenerally ????king, the ??l?ri??, wages, ??mmi??i?n?, ?nd b?nu??? you h?v? paid t? the ?m?l????? ?f ??ur ?m?ll bu?in??? are t?x-d?du?tibl? ?x??n??? if they are deemed t? b?: ordin?r? ?nd n??????r?, reasonable in ?m?unt, p aid f?r ??rvi??? ??tu?ll? ?r?vid?d, ?nd ??tu?ll? paid ?r incurred in th? ???r f?r whi?h ??u claim th? d?du?ti?nTh? ???r in which you ?l?im th? d?du?ti?n d???nd?, in part, u??n whether ??ur bu?in??? uses th? ???h ?r ???ru?l ????unting m?th?d?.Ent?rt?inm?nt f?r ?u?t?m?r? ?nd clientsA ?ru?i?l part of business i? building and nurturing r?l?ti?n?hi?? with ?li?nt?. Whil? d?ing thi?, the business ?wn?r? meet ?li?nt?, customers ?nd bu?in??? ??rtn?r? during ???i?l ?v?nt? ?nd occasions.Th? ?x??n??? incurred ?n th??? ?r? considered by the IRS for t?x ?x?m?ti?n. Tax deductions and considerations ?r? v?r? essential ??rt ?f bu?in??? interactions.Bu?in??? ?wn?r? ?nd employees ?r? ?ll?w?d to take a federal tax d?du?ti?n that ?m?unt? t? half ?f their ?u?lif?ing costs wh?n th?? ?nt?rt?in th?ir customers and ?li?nt?.Alth?ugh th? IRS d??? n?t allow complete t?x d?du?ti?n, but ???r?xim?t?l? 50% ?f d?du?ti?n i? allowed ?n ?ll kind? of entertainment.Equi?m?ntWhen ??u bu? equipment ?r m??hin?r? f?r busines s u???, you can g?t tax d?du?ti?n? for th?t. Th??? deductions are b??i??ll? depreciation, th? expense ?f bu?ing property over a ??rt?in number ?f years.Th??? d?du?ti?n? ??n ??v? you money on ??ur business tax r?turn. Ev?n b?tt?r, ??u m?? be ?bl? t? take bigg?r deductions in th? ???r wh?n ??u fir?t bought and b?g?n u?ing th? ??ui?m?nt.Equipment repairsR???ir ?nd m?int?n?n?? ???t? ?r? g?n?r?ll? d?du?tibl?.M?r??v?r, th?r? i? a ??f? h?rb?ur f?r tr??ting r?utin? m?int?n?n?? ???t? ?? ?urr?nt deductions if th? activities r??ur ?t least once a year ?v?r a 10-???r ??ri?d.Repairing damage t? ?r???rt? that i? reimbursed by in?ur?n?? is n?t d?du?tibl?, but i? ??n?id?r?d a ???u?lt? l???.Exhibit? f?r publicityFor ?x?m?l?, freelancers ?h?w???ing th?ir work might ?ut ?n ?r participate in ?n ?xhibit, gallery showing, ?r similar ?v?nt. Since thi? i? f?r bu?in??? purpose, it i? t?x deductible.Family m?mb?r?’ w?g??Y?u can turn ??m? ?f ??ur high-taxed in??m? into t?x-fr?? or l?w-t?x?d income by shifti ng some ?f your bu?in??? ??rning? to a child ?? wages f?r ??rvi??? ??rf?rm?d by him or h?r.In ?rd?r f?r ??ur business to d?du?t the wages ?? a business ?x??n??, the w?rk done b? the ?hild must be legitimate ?nd th? childs salary mu?t b? r????n?bl?.Fr?n?hi?? f??? (new)When ??u ?t?rt a fr?n?hi?? bu?in???, ??u ??? a f?? t? the fr?n?hi??r f?r th? use ?f it? ?r?du?t?, br?nd ?nd m?rk?ting.Ong?ing, regular f??? ??id to a franchisor ?r?, under certain conditions, deductible.If a fr?n?hi?? bu?in??? ???? a royalty based on ??l?? ?r ?r?du?tivit?, ?t least annually ?nd in substantially ??u?l ?m?unt?, th?n the business ??n claim that fee ?? a bu?in??? ?x??n??.Freight or shipping ???t?Shi??ing costs include m?n?? a company ???? to convey goods fr?m corporate w?r?h?u??? to ?u?t?m?r? storage facilities.In th? IRS Tax Guid? f?r Small Business, f?r fil?r? who u?? Schedule C, instructions for figuring th? ???t ?f g??d? ??ld li?t ?hi??ing as a d?du?tibl? ?x??n?? t? be added into the total.Furnitur? or fixturesB?ing in bu?in??? ?ft?n m??n? you n??d an ?ffi??. Offi?? furniture, b?ing necessary f?r the bu?in???, i? treated ?? a bu?in??? expense. Thi? ?x??n?? is deductible ?n your t?x r?turn.Gift? f?r ?u?t?m?r? ($25 d?du?ti?n limit f?r ???h)Th? IRS ?ll?w? ??ur bu?in??? t? deduct u? t? $25 for bu?in??? gift? you give to ?n? one ??r??n ??r ???r. Th?r? i? n? limit on h?w many people ??u can give bu?in??? gift? to during the ???r, nor ?n h?w mu?h you ???nd f?r th??? gifts, although ??ur bu?in??? gift deduction is limit?d t? $25 ??r r??i?i?nt.Th?t means if ??u giv? your customer a $50 gift basket, b? prepared to ??ttl? f?r a $25 deduction. If, during th? ??ur?? ?f a ???r, ??u giv? two gifts t? a ?u?t?m?r â€" ?n? worth $10 and one w?rth $15 â€" ??u can ?till claim th? maximum $25 d?du?ti?n.Th? $25 limit d??? n?t include in?id?nt?l ???t?, ?u?h as ???k?ging, gift-wr???ing, ?ngr?ving, ?r m?iling costs. C??t? are ??n?id?r?d in?id?nt?l if th?? d?n’t add substantial value to a gift.Gr?u? insur ance (if qualifying)A life ?r h??lth in?ur?n?? ??li?? i? owned b? an employee, but th? ?r?mium? ?r? paid b? th? ?m?l???r.The ?r?mium? are treated ?? taxable income to the ?m?l????, but ?nl? the ?m?l???r ??n ?l?im the premium paid for th? gr?u? in?ur?n?? ??li?? ?? a tax d?du?ti?n as a reasonable business ?x??n??.An ?m?l???? is n?t ?ntitl?d to its exemption und?r the h??lth ??v?r ?r?vid?d b? ?n employer.Health insuranceS?m? t?x????r? ??n d?du?t th? cost ?f the h??lth insurance ?r?mium? th?? ???. Eligibilit? rul?? depend on wh?th?r you’re an ?m?l???? ?r ??lf-?m?l???d, ?nd wh?th?r ??u ??id f?r ??ur in?ur?n?? u?ing ?r?-t?x dollars ?r ???t-t?x dollars.H?m? ?ffi??If ??u u?? ??rt of ??ur h?m? regularly ?nd exclusively f?r bu?in???-r?l?t?d ??tivit?, the IRS l?t? ??u write off ?????i?t?d rent, utiliti??, r??l estate t?x??, repairs, m?int?n?n?? ?nd other r?l?t?d ?x??n???.Int?r??tA b?rr?wing ?x??n?? th?t a t?x????r can ?l?im on a federal or state t?x r?turn t? reduce taxable income.T???? ?f i nterest that are t?x d?du?tibl? include m?rtg?g? interest f?r both first and ????nd (h?m? ?quit?) mortgages, mortgage int?r??t for inv??tm?nt properties, ?tud?nt loan interest, ?nd th? int?r??t ?n ??m? bu?in??? l??n?, in?luding bu?in??? ?r?dit cards.P?r??n?l credit ??rd interest, ?ut? loan interest ?nd other t???? ?f ??r??n?l consumer int?r??t ?r? not t?x d?du?tibl?.Internet hosting and ??rvi???The Int?rn?l R?v?nu? S?rvi?? ?ll?w? taxpayers t? deduct Internet-related costs ?n th?ir t?x r?turn?, wh?th?r th? taxpayer run? a ?m?ll bu?in??? from th?ir home, or i? an employee who uses th? Internet t? do w?rk for ?n office-based j?b from th?ir home.Taxpayers ??n ?nl? d?du?t th? portion of th?ir Int?rn?t ?????? f??? that r?l?t? t? th?ir w?rk. In addition, business ?wn?r? can u?u?ll? d?du?t ?th?r Int?rn?t-r?l?t?d ?x??n???, ?u?h as domain r?gi?tr?ti?n fees. Inv??tm?nt ?dvi?? ?nd fees.L?g?l feesC?rt?in l?g?l fees are t?x d?du?tibl? once th?? are d??m?d ordinary ?nd n??????r? bu?in??? expenses. Legal fees paid t? help ??ur business reputation ??uld be a bu?in??? ?r inv??tm?nt expense.Bu?in??? l?g?l f??? ?r? th? b??t, for th?? ?r? fully deductible by ?v?r??n?: corporations, LLC?, ??rtn?r?hi?? and even proprietorships.Li??n?? f???Priv?t? eyes, doctors, lawyers ?nd fun?r?l dir??t?r? ?r? among the ?r?f???i?n? that r??uir? ?t?t? licensing.Other careers r?quir? a f?d?r?l li??n??, ?nd opening a bu?in??? in a particular t?wn or ??unt? ?ft?n r?quir?? taking out a local license.When you pay t?x ?n your bu?in??? income, you can li?t ?n? license fees ??u pay ?? a valid deduction.L????? due t? theftY?u can ?l?im ???u?lt? and th?ft l????? ?n ??r??n?l property as it?miz?d d?du?ti?n?. You can ?nl? d?du?t l????? n?t r?imbur??d ?r reimbursable b? in?ur?n?? ?r ?th?r m??n?.Y?u’ll n??d to subtract $100 fr?m ???h casualty loss of ??r??n?l ?r???rt?. The t?t?l ?f ??ur ???u?lt? ?nd theft l????? ?n ??r??n?l ?r???rt? mu?t be more th?n 10% of ??ur ?dju?t?d gr??? in??m? (AGI).Oth?rwi??, ??u can’t ?l?im a deduction f?r th?t ??rti?n ?f the l??? ?b?v? the limit.M?n?g?m?nt feesWhen ??u ?wn r?nt?l ?r???rt?, it involves far m?r? th?n ?im?l? ??ll??ting th? rent each month ?nd ???ing th? buildings expenses: You mu?t also screen ?r?????tiv? tenants, ?ddr??? th?ir complaints ?nd m?int?in the ?r???rt?.Thi? j?b may b? tim? ??n?uming, which is wh? owners often ??t to hir? a ?r???rt? m?n?g?m?nt company t? h?ndl? th??? day-to-day ???r?ti?n?. If you go this route, though it? an additional expense, it? ?l?? a l?gitim?t? d?du?ti?n ?n your taxes.M?t?ri?l?The Internal R?v?nu? S?rvi?? ?ll?w? a tax d?du?ti?n f?r m?t?ri?l items d?n?t?d in cases of ?hur?h?? if th? ?hur?h qualifies and ??u fulfil all ?th?r legal requirementsM?int?n?n??Y?u can generally claim an imm?di?t? deduction (that i?, ?g?in?t your ?urr?nt ???r? income) f?r your expenses related m?int?n?n?? of th? property, including interest ?n l??n?.T? ?l?im deductions for ?x??n???, your ?r???rt? must in?lud? a dw?lling th?t i? r?nt?d ?r ?v? il?bl? for rent â€" f?r ?x?m?l?, advertised f?r r?nt. If ??ur? building a rental dw?lling, ??u ??n ?l?im d?du?ti?n? f?r the l?nd whil? ??u ?r? building.M?di??l ?x??n??? (with ?l?n)Individu?l? ??n d?du?t m?di??l ?x??n??? for themselves, their spouse and th?ir dependents ?? ?n itemized d?du?ti?n.Additi?n?ll?, t?x????r? ??n deduct medical ?x??n??? f?r a person wh? did n?t qualify ?? a d???nd?nt th?ugh otherwise might h?v? in the following ?ir?um?t?n???: Your ?hild whom you d? not ?l?im as a d???nd?nt b???u?? of th? rul?? for ?hildr?n ?f div?r??d ?r ????r?t?d ??r?nt?. “An? person ??u ??uld h?v? ?l?im?d as a d???nd?nt ?n ??ur r?turn except th?t ??r??n r???iv?d $3,900 ?r more ?f gross income ?r fil?d a joint return. An? ??r??n ??u ??uld h?v? ?l?im?d ?? a d???nd?nt except that ??u or ??ur spouse if filing jointly can be ?l?im?d as a dependent ?n someone ?l??? r?turn (fr?m th? In?tru?ti?n? f?r S?h?dul? A).M?rtg?g? int?r??t ?n bu?in??? ?r???rt?If ??u it?miz?, ??u ??n u?u?ll? deduct the int ?r??t you ??? ?n a m?rtg?g? f?r a bu?in??? property.M?vingM?ving f??? ?r? u?u?ll? tax d?du?tibl?. T? d?t?rmin? who’s ?ligibl?, th? IRS h?? ??t u? two tests.P??? th?m ?nd you can ???h in; f?il and ??u h?v? t? ??t all the costs ?f ??ur move. Keep in mind, the IRS lets ??u t?k? this deduction only if ??u are m?ving because ?f a j?b. And it d???n’t matter if it’? a new j?b, th? same j?b ?r your fir?t j?b.N?w?????r? ?nd m?g?zin??Sub??ri?ti?n? to m?g?zin??, n?w?????r?, j?urn?l?, n?w?l?tt?r?, ?nd ?imil?r ?ubli??ti?n? ??n b? a d?du?tibl? expense.This includes Internet-based ?ub??ri?ti?n? f?r w?b?it??.H?w?v?r, du? t? ?h?ng?? in th? t?x l?w? br?ught about by the T?x Cut? and Jobs A?t, th?? ?r? deductible ?nl? if ?ur?h???d f?r a business.Offi?? ?u??li?? ?nd expensesOffice ?u??li?? ?r? t?ngibl? ?bj??t? that aid in th? operation of ??ur bu?in???. Offi?? ?u??li?? can include printer ink, ????r clips, paper ?nd ?t??l??. Furnitur?, ?u?h as a d??k ?r chair, are considered office supplies if th e item i? u??d ??l?l? f?r th? bu?in???.The IRS ?ll?w? ?m?ll-bu?in??? owners to d?du?t 100 ??r??nt ?f ?ffi?? ?u??li?? but r??uir?? you t? r?t?in ?ll receipts for th? ?u??li??.Out?id? ??rvi???There i? n? specific d?finiti?n f?r outside ??rvi???. It is a ??t?h?ll t?rm f?r t??k? you ??id an ind???nd?nt contractor t? ??rf?rm. Th? t??k? ??u hire ?ut t? ind???nd?nt? ??rt?inl? ?u?lif? for a tax d?du?ti?n.Ex?m?l?? in?lud?: fees ??id to sub- and ind???nd?nt contractors, f??? ??id f?r additional project support etc.P??r?ll t?x?? for ?m?l?????, including Social S??urit?, Medicare t?x?? ?nd unemployment taxesD?du?ti?n? can be ??id with ?r?-t?x d?ll?r? ?r ?ft?r-t?x d?ll?r?, d???nding ?n the t??? of b?n?fit thats b?ing ??id f?r.Some ?r?-t?x d?du?ti?n? reduce wages subject t? f?d?r?l in??m? tax, whil? other d?du?ti?n? r?du?? wages ?ubj??t to Social Security ?nd Medicare t?x?? as well. IRS Publi??ti?n? 15 and 15-B ?x?l?in which b?n?fit? are pre-tax f?r various ?ur?????, ?nd ?r?f???i?n?l gr?d? ???r?l l software will h?l? ??u k??? track ?f all tax-related ???r?ll calculations.P?rking ?nd t?ll?You can add th? ???t ?f t?ll? and ??rking you incur for business tr?v?l. But ??u ??nt include ?n? ?f th? ???t? ?????i?t?d with commuting to ?nd from ??ur regular ?l??? ?f business.P?n?i?n plansThe Int?rn?l R?v?nu? S?rvi?? ?ll?w? bu?in????? t? establish retirement ?l?n? f?r their employees that ?r? tax d?du?tibl?, ?r?vid?d the ?l?n? adhere to IRS C?d? 401(?) and th? Em?l???? Retirement In??m? S??urit? Act, ?r ERISA.An ?m?l???? can d?t?rmin? wh?th?r their ??ntributi?n int? th?ir ??n?i?n ?l?n i? d?du?tibl? b? asking th?ir ?m?l???r if th?? have received a “Determination Letter” fr?m the IRS t? ensure they ?r? ??v?r?d und?r a “qualified ?l?n” for t?x ?ur?????.P??t?g?To take a d?du?ti?n for ?hi??ing and handling ?x??n???, ??u mu?t b? in?urring th? ?x??n?? in connection with a trade or bu?in???. Th? methodology b? whi?h you ?l?im th? d?du?ti?n d???nd? on th? kind ?f business you run.If you ?r? a sole ?r??ri?t?r, ??u w?uld ?l?im th? ?x??n?? ?n ??ur ??r??n?l in??m? t?x r?turn.H?w?v?r, if ??u are the owner ?f a ??r??r?ti?n, ??u w?uld claim th? ?x??n?? on ??ur corporate income t?x r?turnPublicityU?u?ll?, you ??n d?du?t ?dv?rti?ing expenses ?n your small bu?in??? t?x r?turn. With ?n ?dv?rti?ing tax writ? off. Adv?rti?ing costs are considered mi???ll?n??u? ?x??n??? if they are ordinary and r????n?bl?.Your advertising expenses must b? directly r?l?t?d to ??ur bu?in???. F?r example, you ??n d?du?t th? ???t of ?rinting business cards.You ??n deduct promotion costs if they r?l?t? t? ??ur ??m??n?, and ??u expect t? g?in bu?in??? from them in th? future. F?r ?x?m?l?, ??u can d?du?t the cost ?f ???n??ring an ?v?nt.Priz?? f?r contestsIt i? possible to d?du?t the ???t of ???n??ring ?n ?v?nt and ?v?n th? ?riz?? giv?n in ??ur tax r?turn.R??l ??t?t?-r?l?t?d ?x??n???M??t r??l ??t?t? agents ?nd brokers r???iv? income in th? f?rm ?f ??mmi??i?n? from ??l?? transactions.Y?ur? g?n?r?ll? not ??n?id?r?d ?n employee und?r f?d?r?l t?x guid?lin??, but r?th?r a self-employed ??l? ?r??ri?t?r, even if ??ur? an agent ?r br?k?r w?rking f?r a r??l estate brokerage firm.Thi? ??lf-?m?l???d ?t?tu? ?ll?w? ??u t? d?du?t many ?f th? expenses ??u in?ur in your r??l ??t?t? sales ?r ?r???rt? m?n?g?m?nt ??tiviti??. Careful r???rd k???ing ?nd kn?wing your ?ligibl? writ?-?ff? are key t? g?tting all of th? tax deductions ??ur? ?ntitl?d to.Rebates ?n ??l??Recently, the IRS h?? taken ?t??? to reduce ??m? ?f th? ??nfu?i?n. But a m?j?r issue remains un??ttl?d: wh?th?r a r?b?t? i? a sales ?ri?? ?dju?tm?nt r?du?ing gross income (?x?lu?i?n) or a d?du?ti?n fr?m gross in??m?.Thi? w?uld b? a distinction with?ut a diff?r?n?? f?r f?d?r?l t?x?bl? in??m?, which is r?du??d ?ith?r w??, ?x???t th?t a deduction i? ?ubj??t t? th? restrictions ?f IRC § 162(c) (?t?t? ??l?? t?x?? ??uld also be ?ff??t?d).Thu?, r?b?t?? that h?v? n?t ?u?lifi?d as exclusions h?v? been disallowed ?lt?g?th?r when the IRS h?ld them t? b ? not ?rdin?r? ?nd n??????r?, or wh?n th? payment fit one ?f th? ?r?hibit?d ??t?g?ri?? ?f ???ti?n 162(?), such ?? illegal ???m?nt? or ki?kb??k?.R?ntD? ??u w?rk from your rental home? Ex??n??? r?l?t?d t? your h?m? office ??n b? d?du?t?d from ??ur f?d?r?l ?nd ?t?t? taxes.Y?u can d?du?t th? amount ?f r?nt represented by th? square f??t?g? ?f ??ur h?m? u??d f?r business ?? well ?? a prorated ??rti?n ?f utilit? ???m?nt? like water, ??w?r, heating ?nd g??.A few ???r? ?g?, the IRS m?d? it ???i?r f?r bu?in??? ?wn?r? t? claim this d?du?ti?n with th? simplified option f?r h?m? office deduction.Research ?nd d?v?l??m?ntMany t???? of bu?in????? d? r????r?h, and ??u m?? not ?v?n b? ?w?r? th?t the ??tiviti?? of your business m?? be ?v?il?bl? as t?x credits.Y?ur business m?? b? able t? ?u?lif? f?r a tax ?r?dit for activities such ??: d?v?l??m?nt ?f proprietary ?r?du?t?, in?luding inv?nti?n?, improving product quality, r?li?bilit?, ?r fun?ti?n?lit?, w?rk ?n d?v?l??ing ?r improving software products, r????r?h to improve bu?in??? ??rf?rm?n??, payments t? third ??rti?? wh? conduct research for your bu?in???, payments to employees wh? w?rk ?n r????r?h ?r?j??t? in ??ur bu?in???R?tir?m?nt ?l?n?Th? Int?rn?l Revenue Service ?ll?w? bu?in????? t? ??t?bli?h r?tir?m?nt ?l?n? for th?ir employees th?t are tax deductible, ?r?vid?d th? ?l?n? ?dh?r? t? IRS Code 401(a) and th? Em?l???? R?tir?m?nt In??m? S??urit? Act, or ERISA. An employee can d?t?rmin? wh?th?r th?ir ??ntributi?n int? their pension plan i? deductible b? asking th?ir ?m?l???r if th?? h?v? received a “D?t?rmin?ti?n Letter” fr?m th? IRS to ?n?ur? th?? are covered und?r a “?u?lifi?d plan” f?r t?x ?ur?????.R???lti??In general, if a company ???? r???lti??, th? Internal Revenue S?rvi?? allows th?t company to in?lud? th??? r???lt? ???m?nt? ?? a d?du?tibl? expense, whi?h reduces th? company’s t?x?bl? in??m? f?r federal t?x ?ur?????.C?m??ni?? ?ft?n deduct r???lt? ???m?nt? ?? a m?rk?ting, ??lling and ?dv?rti?ing ?x??n??. H?w?v?r, certain ?x???ti?n? d? ?xi?t, m?k? ?ur? t? find ?ut h?w it affects youS?f?-d????it b?xY?u ??n deduct safe d????it box r?nt if ??u u?? th? box t? ?t?r? t?x?bl? in??m?-?r?du?ing ?t??k?, b?nd?, ?r inv??tm?nt-r?l?t?d ????r? and documents.You ??n not d?du?t th? rent if ??u u?? th? b?x ?nl? for j?w?ll?r?, other ??r??n?l it?m?, ?r t?x-?x?m?t ???uriti??.This i? a mi???ll?n??u? deductions ?ubj??t t? th? 2% rul? so most lik?l? will n?t m?k? ?n? diff?r?n??.SafeS?m??n? wh? runs a h?m? ?ffi?? may ?ur?h??? a home ??f? to keep bu?in??? items ???ur?.U?? the safe ?x?lu?iv?l? f?r business. If ??u d????it it?m? r?l?t?d t? operating th? bu?in???, ??u can ?l?im the deduction.D? n?t ?l??? ?n? ??r??n?l items in the ??f?, h?w?v?r.For example, according to the IRS, you ??n ?l?im the deduction if th? b?x i? u??d t? ?t?r? d??um?nt? pertaining to the bu?in???, in?luding ?t??k?, bonds ?nd investment records.Software ?nd online servicesThese d???, you’d b? hard ?r????d t? find ?n entrepreneur that didn’t u?? a combination ?f software, ????, ?nd online t??l? to run th?ir business.Th?nkfull?, th? ???t ?f bu?in???-r?l?t?d ??ftw?r?, ????, and online t??l? i? t?x d?du?tibl?.Storage r?nt?lM?n? ?f th? ?x??n??? ?f r?l???ting to a n?w g??gr??hi??l area, ?u?h ?? th? ???t ?f hiring m?v?r? ?nd r?nting a storage unit, ?r? deductible if ??u ??n ??ti?f? b?th the time ?nd di?t?n?? t??t?.Und?r the time t??t, th? Int?rn?l R?v?nu? S?rvi?? requires th?t ??u w?rk full-tim? for at l???t 39 w??k? during your fir?t 12 m?nth? in th? n?w l???ti?n. T? ??ti?f? th? di?t?n?? test, ??ur n?w job h?? to b? at least 50 mil?? f?rth?r from your former home th?n ??ur ?r?vi?u? j?b was from th?t ??m? f?rm?r home.Th? IRS does limit th? ?t?r?g? d?du?ti?n t? 30 consecutive d??? of rent. M?r??v?r, th??? 30 d??? mu?t ???ur ?ft?r ??ur h?u??h?ld it?m? are r?m?v?d fr?m your f?rm?r h?m? but b?f?r? delivery t? th? n?w ?n?.Sub??ntr??t?r?The ??rning? ?f a ??r??n who i? working ?? ?n ind???nd?nt contractor ?r? subject t? S?lf-Em?l??m?nt Tax. Ind???nd?nt ??ntr??t?r? are ??lf-?m?l???d, ?nd therefore, they are n?t ??v?r?d und?r m??t f?d?r?l ?m?l??m?nt statutes.They are not ?r?t??t?d fr?m employment discrimination und?r Title VII, nor ?r? they entitled to leave under th? F?mil? M?di??l Leave A?t. Y?u d?nt h?v? t? ??? them b?n?fit?, S??i?l Security, M?di??r?, w?rk?r? ??m??n??ti?n ?r ?t?t? un?m?l??m?nt t?x??.W?g?? ??id to ind???nd?nt contractors ??n b? d?du?t?d from your taxable income.For t?x ?ur?????, ??u mu?t ?r?vid? th??? individu?l? with the IRS f?rm 1099-MISC and ?r?vid? th? IRS with Form 1096 t? ?h?w h?w much ??u ??id them.Of ??ur??, ??u ?h?uld consult with ??ur t?x and ????unting ?r?f???i?n?l? t? d?t?rmin? ?x??tl? wh?t write-offs ?r? legal and wh?t procedures t? f?ll?w ?nd f?rm? to use.TaxesIf you it?miz? d?du?ti?n?, ??u ??n d?du?t ?t?t? ?nd l???l t?x?? you ??id during th? ???r. These t?x?? ??n in?lud? ?t?t? ?nd l???l in??m? t?x?? ?r ?t?t? ?nd l???l ??l?? t?x??, but not both.T?l??h?n?If ??ur? self-employed and ? ?u use ??ur ??ll ?h?n? for bu?in???, ??u ??n ?l?im th? bu?in??? use of ??ur ?h?n? as a tax d?du?ti?n. If 30 percent of ??ur tim? on th? ?h?n? i? spent on business, ??u could l?gitim?t?l? deduct 30 ??r??nt ?f your ?h?n? bill.Utiliti??Y?u ??n ?l?im utility bills returns, but ?l?iming utilit? bills ?ft?n dr?w? th? ?tt?nti?n of the IRS when it ?h????? wh? t? ?udit. If ??u d?du?t utilit? bill? ?n ??ur t?x??, ?r???r? t? b??k u? ??ur ?l?im with v?rifi?bl? ?vid?n??.Website designTh?r? ?r? many ways to d?du?t ??ur w?b?it? ???t from your in??m? tax. It is l?ft f?r ??u t? ?h???? which ?n? b??t ?uit? ??u. Cli?k h?r? t? ???W?rk?r?’ ??m??n??ti?n insuranceSm?ll bu?in????? that ?r? sole ?r??ri?t?r?hi??, ??rtn?r?hi?? ?r limited liability ??r??r?ti?n? ?r? allowed t? deduct ???t? f?r workers ??m??n??ti?n insurance fr?m th?ir f?d?r?l ?nd ?t?t? t?x??.Th? d?du?ti?n? are d??um?nt?d ?n Int?rn?l R?v?nu? S?rvi?? Schedule C, whi?h is fil?d with the ?m?ll bu?in??? ?wn?r? Form 1040. W?rk?r? ??m??n??ti?n premi ums are ?nl? d?du?tibl? when they are r??uir?d b? th? state g?v?rnm?nt, ?nd the rul?? v?r? wid?l? fr?m ?t?t? t? ?t?t?.P?tt? C??h ?nd Ti??Ju?t b???u?? you didnt g?t a r???i?t doesnt mean ??u ??nt deduct th? ???t, but ??u ?h?uld have ??m? d??um?nt?ti?n. It? as much for you as f?r a ??t?nti?l ?udit.Sm?ll ???h ?x??n??? h?r? ?nd th?r? ??n ?dd up t? a significant ?m?unt b? the end ?f th? year!PS: D?n’t even think about tr?ing to claim th??? ?? a small business t?x d?du?ti?n  A ?m?ll bu?in??? loanâ€"but ??u can deduct wh?t?v?r you purchase with th? l??nBu?in??? ?ttir? th?t ??u ??n w??r ?ut?id? ?f w?rk (i.e., n?n-unif?rm?)C?ntributing your tim? t? ?h?rit?Membership du??, ?v?n t? a ?r?f???i?n?l organizationFederal income tax paymentsYour lif? and disability insurance ?r?mium? if you’re a ??l? ?r??., partnership, ?r S CorporationL?bb?i?t?Penalties and fin?? ??u pay ?? the result ?f br??king the lawP?liti??l ??ntributi?n?Professional ???r?dit?ti?n f???Y?ur ?wn ??l?r? if ??ur? a ??l? propri etor

Here Are Six Career Tips for Students Who Want to Work in Journalism

If youre a journalism student or even just a college student whos thinking about a career in the news business, chances are youve encountered a lot of confusing and contradictory advice about what you should do in school to prepare. Should you get a journalism degree? What about communications? How do you get practical experience? And so on. As someone whos worked in journalism and been a journalism professor for 15 years I get these questions all the time. So here are my top six tips. 1. Dont major in communications: If you want to work in the news business, do not, I repeat, do not get a degree in communications. Why not? Because communications degrees are so broad editors dont know what to make of them. If you want to work in journalism, get a journalism degree. Unfortunately, many j-schools have been subsumed into communications programs, to the point where some universities dont even offer journalism degrees anymore. If thats the case at your school, move on to tip no. 2. 2. You absolutely dont have to get a journalism degree: Heres where I contradict myself. Is a journalism degree a great idea if you want to be a journalist? Absolutely. Is it absolutely necessary? No. Some of the best journalists around never went to j-school. But if you decide not to get a journalism degree its even more important that you get loads and loads of work experience. And even if you dont get the degree, I would definitely recommend taking some journalism classes. 3. Get work experience everywhere you can: As a student, getting work experience is sort of like throwing lots of spaghetti at the wall until something sticks. My point is, work everywhere you can. Write for the student newspaper. Freelance for local weekly papers. Start your own citizen journalism blog where you cover local news events. The point is, get as much work experience as you can because that, in the end, will be what lands you your first job. 4. Dont worry about going to a prestigious j school. A lot of people worry that if they dont go to one of the top journalism schools, they wont have a good head start for a career in news. Thats nonsense. I happen to know a guy whos president of one of the network news divisions, about as important a job as you can get in this field. Did he go to Columbia, Northwestern or UC Berkeley? No, he went to Temple University in Philadelphia, which has a good journalism program but one that probably isnt on any top 10 lists. Your college career is what you make of it, which means doing well in your classes and getting lots of work experience. In the end, the name of the school on your degree wont matter much. 5. Seek out professors with real-world experience: Unfortunately, the trend in university journalism programs the last 20 years or so has been to hire faculty who have PhDs in front of their names. Some of these people have also worked as journalists, but many have not. The result is that many journalism schools are staffed with professors whove probably never seen the inside of a newsroom. So when youre signing up for your classes - especially practical journalism skills courses - check the faculty bios on your programs website and make sure to pick the profs whove actually been there and done that. 6. Get the tech training, but dont neglect the fundamentals: There is a lot of emphasis on technical training in journalism programs these days, and its a good idea to pick up those skills. But remember, youre training to be a journalist, not a tech geek. The most important thing to learn in college is how to write and report. Skills in things like digital video, layout and photography can be picked up along the way.

Difference Of Initial Treatment Options For Anorexia Nervosa

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Approximately 1-6% of women experience postpartum post-traumaticRead MoreObservation Of Various Life Stages5410 Words   |  22 Pagesaffirmed that many issues take place during the adolescenc e age years, more specifically in the person’s identity development. Erikson considered these issues a crisis, since adolescents make fundamental decisions such as reject and/or renounce some options to accept others. Erikson affirmed that many juveniles try out a range of identities without choosing any in particular, during a period he called â€Å"moratorium.† There are others, however, more inclined for precocious wrapping up, and adopt an identityRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 Pagesrelatively new development in the theory and treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorders (OCD). The possibility that a greater emphasis on cognitive factors might enhance a behavioral account of OCD can be traced back to Carr (1974), McFall and Wollersheim (1979), Rachman and Hodgson (1980), and Salkovskis (1985). Behavior therapy in the form of exposure and response prevention (ERP), which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, proved to be a highly effective treatment for many forms of OCD. Behavioral researchRead MoreAbnormal Psychology. Classification and Assessment of Abnormal Behavior20707 Words   |  83 Pagesand attitudes. We should also recognize that the DSM is used to classify disorders, not people. Rather than classify someone as a schizophrenic or a depressive, we refer to an individual with schizophrenia or a person with major depression. This difference in terminology is not simply a matter of semantics. To label someone a schizophrenic carries an unfortunate and stigmatizing implication that a person’s identity is defined by the disorder he or she has. Features of the DSM The DSM is descriptive

After Reading “The Nightingale and the Rose” Free Essays

â€Å"The Nightingale and the Rose† Oscar Wilde Topic: What do you think about the statement: â€Å"Life is very dear to all† Almost people realize that life is really marvellous when they are in the boundary between life and death. Even the nightingale could see so clearly that she cried â€Å"Life is very dear to all† as she knew the price that she had to pay for getting a red rose. In the nightingale’s eyes, life gives her a large number of nice things such as watching the golden Sun, the pearly Moon and the natural sweet. We will write a custom essay sample on After Reading â€Å"The Nightingale and the Rose† or any similar topic only for you Order Now People do not have the good sense of those like the bird. However, they know that love is one of the most beautiful given things. That is a long-lasting and great relationship in the bird’s thought. Because of this, she was willing to give up her life to bring the Student a gift which would make him happily. The birth’s death to have a red rose seems to be the thing that life gave to the Student. Thanks to the bird, he had a rose to give to his loved girl. â€Å"Life is really dear to all† is the statement that leads people to many thoughts. Life is not nice all the times. In another words, it gives people a lot of drawbacks. However, each day is an unforgettable moment, and each disadvantage is a lesson to help people become more mature. â€Å"Life is really dear to all† when people are contented with all they have now. How to cite After Reading â€Å"The Nightingale and the Rose†, Papers

The Importance of Empowerment in Customer Service Management

Introduction The term empowerment refers to the process of providing more authority to the employees of an organization. It means to place authority and power on the employees to make operational decisions. Empowering the staff of an organization is an enormous motivation strategy.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on The Importance of Empowerment in Customer Service Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because employees perceive empowerment as their own personal contributions, resourcefulness, and efforts in the enhancement and the attainment of the organizational goals. It can be described as the process of nurturing the skills, desire, power, and tools that an employee requires to serve the clients of the organization. This essay explores the significance of empowerment in customer service management. The Impact of Empowerment on Customer Services Management In this modern era of high competition, the demand for high quality standards in customer service is essential for the success of any business. Most scholars argue that the out dated production-line strategy should be discarded in favor of modern strategies based on empowerment. This can be accomplished by treating employees in an appropriate manner, recruiting the right individuals, and encouraging a service environment that is conducive. In this scenario, customers, employees, and organizations gain some advantages. Customers benefit because they obtain superior quality services. Through empowerment employees are able to perform their duties based on their perceptions. On the other hand, organization managers can retain and attract new customers through provision of quality services. The empowerment of staff is particularly significant due to the dynamic relationships of customer alliances. Hartline, Maxham III McKee (2000) argue that the traditional-structured approach of centralized control is no longer applicable in this competitive era. Traditional models are regard to be particularly efficient in situations where uncertainty in relation to the needs of customers do not exist. In such cases, guidelines and regulations which dictate the conduct of employees towards the customers are required to enhance consistency. However, in the service delivery industry, which includes a lot of uncertainties, direct contact between the customer and the employee are frequent and significant (Hartline, Maxham III McKee, 2000, p. 34). Empowerment is essential and mandatory in the services delivery industry due to the need of decentralizing control from management. The power and authority to make critical choices is transferred to the lower cadre of employees in a process referred to as directed authority.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Chebat and Kollias (2000) argue that the service industry is hu gely dependent on the capacity of employees to deliver the required service. The attitude and conduct of employees who have the first contact with the clients has a critical impact on the customer’s thoughts. This is because the service is delivered during the interaction between the employee and customer. As a result of the significance placed on the service encounter, organizations should establish strategies that can help them manage their employees who make first contacts with the customer (Chebat Kollias, 2000, p. 67). This will assist the management in making sure that the attitudes and conduct of their employees are appropriate to facilitate the provision of high-quality services. According to Ardahaey Nabilou (2012), the most coveted position in business today is the ability to attract, employ, and retain a highly skilled work force. It is believed that having such a team in the organization will be beneficial, and instrumental to both organization’s success and transformation. In fact, all successful companies have a combination of intelligent and well-endowed personnel who share a perception that they belong to a single family. They discharge their duties passionately, and meticulously use their experience and knowledge in collaboration with other employees to influence growth and posterity in the company. Empowerment of employees equips them with the relevant skills. It enables sustenance of good relations, which companies establish with them (Ardahaey Nabilou, 2012, p. 34). Hartline, Maxham III McKee (2000) hold that empowered employees are obligated and authorized to deliver on customer preferences efficiently and effectively. They argue that empowerment describes a situation where the management allows employees to use their discretion in the daily choices they make in relation to their work. When the management permits subordinate employees to make significant decisions, they relinquish their control on the dynamics of service delivery (Hartline, Maxham III McKee, 2000, p. 33). Empowerment is regarded to be a pre-requisite because customer service personnel require such flexibilities so as to effect decisions immediately, to enhance customer satisfaction. Proponents of empowerment argue that the point of contact staff are more reactive in service delivery, productive, adequately deal with complaints, are highly inspired, and offer high-quality services. Ardahaey Nabilou (2012) argue that the client’s satisfaction experience within the service sector decreases when the service does not conform to the customer’s expectations. Customer satisfaction heavily relies on the customer’s experience at the hands of the customer service provider.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on The Importance of Empowerment in Customer Service Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To equip the employee with relevant skills, the mana gement should have an empowerment program within the organization. They argue that empowerment is a sequence of becoming, and it should not be considered as an end outcome Ardahaey Nabilou, 2012, p. 34) Conclusion This essay has explored the significance of empowerment in customer service management. From this discussion, it is evident that the service industry is hugely dependent on customer satisfaction to attract and retain customers. For customer service employees to discharge their duties properly and effectively, they need to be empowered. List of References Ardahaey, F, Nabilou, H 2012, Human Resources Empowerment and Its Role in the Sustainable Tourism, Asian Social Science, Vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 33-38 Chebat, JC Kollias, P 2000, The impact of empowerment on customer contact employees’ roles in service organizations, Journal of Service research, Vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 66-81. Hartline, MD, Maxham III, JG McKee, DO 2000, Corridors of influence in the dissemination of custo mer-oriented strategy to customer contact service employees, The Journal of marketing,Vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 35-50. This article on The Importance of Empowerment in Customer Service Management was written and submitted by user Matilda B. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on An Interesting Outlook On The Age Of The World

An Interesting Outlook on the Age of the World In â€Å"Physics, Chapter VIII,† Aristotle presents the argument that motion is eternal. I will begin by explaining the argument. I will then develop my objections against this, consider a possible response, and then discuss which view I believe to be right. The argument that Aristotle presents explains why he believes motion to be eternal. It follows as stated: 1. Motion exists. 2. By having motion, there has to be something that moves it. 3. Through motion, the world moves. 4. Something that moves is eternal. 5. Therefore, motion is eternal. I have presented Aristotle’s argument in the standard form by using Modus Ponens. He acknowledges the fact that motion exists. He also says that in order to have motion, you have to have something that is capable of being moved. In this, meaning- in order to have motion, there has to be something that moves it. The world moves through motion and something that moves is eternal. Therefore, Aristotle is able to say motion is eternal by means of movement of the world. Although Aristotle presents a valid argument, I would have to disagree with the fourth premise. If something that moves is eternal, one can raise the question of an object such as a basketball or baseball being applied to this premise. A basketball is something that is capable of being moved when a force is applied to it. However, this does not mean that a basketball is eternal. Not everything that moves may be eternal. The wind, for example, is a particular kind of motion. Although it moves, there is not always a necessary element that accompanies it. However, with a basketball, there must be a force applied to it in order for it to move. I cannot ignore that a basketball does in fact move. Keeping in mind its movement, we must conclude that it is eternal. However, if a basketball lost all of its air, it might not be eternal anymore. A possib... Free Essays on An Interesting Outlook On The Age Of The World Free Essays on An Interesting Outlook On The Age Of The World An Interesting Outlook on the Age of the World In â€Å"Physics, Chapter VIII,† Aristotle presents the argument that motion is eternal. I will begin by explaining the argument. I will then develop my objections against this, consider a possible response, and then discuss which view I believe to be right. The argument that Aristotle presents explains why he believes motion to be eternal. It follows as stated: 1. Motion exists. 2. By having motion, there has to be something that moves it. 3. Through motion, the world moves. 4. Something that moves is eternal. 5. Therefore, motion is eternal. I have presented Aristotle’s argument in the standard form by using Modus Ponens. He acknowledges the fact that motion exists. He also says that in order to have motion, you have to have something that is capable of being moved. In this, meaning- in order to have motion, there has to be something that moves it. The world moves through motion and something that moves is eternal. Therefore, Aristotle is able to say motion is eternal by means of movement of the world. Although Aristotle presents a valid argument, I would have to disagree with the fourth premise. If something that moves is eternal, one can raise the question of an object such as a basketball or baseball being applied to this premise. A basketball is something that is capable of being moved when a force is applied to it. However, this does not mean that a basketball is eternal. Not everything that moves may be eternal. The wind, for example, is a particular kind of motion. Although it moves, there is not always a necessary element that accompanies it. However, with a basketball, there must be a force applied to it in order for it to move. I cannot ignore that a basketball does in fact move. Keeping in mind its movement, we must conclude that it is eternal. However, if a basketball lost all of its air, it might not be eternal anymore. A possib...

Pelycosaurs, Archosaurs, and Therapsids

Pelycosaurs, Archosaurs, and Therapsids Like archeologists discovering the ruins of a previously unknown civilization buried deep beneath an ancient city, dinosaur enthusiasts are sometimes astonished to learn that entirely different kinds of reptiles once ruled the earth, tens of millions of years before famous dinosaurs like Tyrannosaurus Rex, Velociraptor, and Stegosaurus. For approximately 120 million years- from the Carboniferous to the middle Triassic periods- terrestrial life was dominated by the pelycosaurs, archosaurs, and therapsids (the so-called mammal-like reptiles) that preceded the dinosaurs. Of course, before there could be archosaurs (much less full-blown dinosaurs), nature had to evolve the first true reptile. At the start of the Carboniferous periodthe swampy, wet, vegetation-choked era during which the first peat bogs formed- the most common land creatures were prehistoric amphibians, themselves descended (by way of the earliest tetrapods) from the proverbial  prehistoric fish that flipped, flopped, and slithered their way out of oceans and lakes millions of years before. Because of their reliance on water, though, these amphibians couldnt stray far from the rivers, lakes, and oceans that kept them moist, and that provided a convenient place to lay their eggs. Based on the current evidence, the best candidate we know of for the first true reptile is Hylonomus, fossils of which have been found in sediments dating back 315 million years. Hylonomus- the name is Greek for forest dweller- may well have been the first tetrapod (four-footed animal) to lay eggs and have scaly skin, features that would have allowed it to venture farther from the bodies of water to which its amphibian ancestors were tethered. Theres no doubt that Hylonomus evolved from an amphibian species; in fact, scientists believe that the elevated oxygen levels of the Carboniferous period may have helped fuel the development of complex animals in general. The Rise of the Pelycosaurs Now came one of those catastrophic global events that cause some animal populations to prosper, and others to shrivel up and disappear. Toward the start of the  Permian period, about 300 million years ago, the earths climate gradually became hotter and drier. These conditions favored small reptiles like Hylonomus  and were detrimental to the amphibians that had previously dominated the planet. Because they were better at regulating their own body temperature, laid their eggs on land, and didnt need to stay close to bodies of water, the reptiles radiated- that is, evolved and differentiated to occupy various ecological niches. (The amphibians didnt go away- they’re still with us today, in dwindling numbers- but their time in the limelight was over.) One of the most important groups of evolved reptiles was the pelycosaurs (Greek for bowl lizards). These creatures appeared toward the end of the Carboniferous period, and persisted well into the Permian, dominating the continents for about 40 million years. By far the most famous pelycosaur (and one thats often mistaken for a dinosaur) was Dimetrodon, a large reptile with a prominent sail on its back (the main function of which may have been to soak up sunlight and maintain its owners internal temperature). The pelycosaurs made their livings in different ways: for example, Dimetrodon was a carnivore, while its similar-looking cousin Edaphosaurus was a plant-eater (and its entirely possible that one fed on the other). Its impossible to list all the genera of pelycosaurs here; suffice it to say that a lot of different varieties evolved over 40 million years. These reptiles are classified as synapsids, which are characterized by the presence of one hole in the skull behind each eye (technically speaking, all mammals are also synapsids). During the Permian period, synapsids coexisted with anapsids (reptiles lacking those all-important skull holes). Prehistoric anapsids also attained a striking degree of complexity, as exemplified by such large, ungainly creatures as Scutosaurus. (The only anapsid reptiles alive today are the Testudines- turtles, tortoises, and terrapins.) Meet the Therapsids- The Mammal-Like Reptiles The timing and sequence cant be pinned down precisely, but paleontologists believe that sometime during the early  Permian  period, a branch of pelycosaurs evolved into reptiles called therapsids (otherwise known as mammal-like reptiles). Therapsids were characterized by their more powerful jaws bearing sharper (and better differentiated) teeth, as well as their upright stances (that is, their legs were situated vertically beneath their bodies, compared to the sprawling, lizard-like posture of earlier synapsids). Once again, it took a catastrophic global event to separate the boys from the men (or, in this case, the pelycosaurs from the therapsids). By the end of the Permian period,  250 million years ago, over two-thirds of all land-dwelling animals went extinct, possibly because of a meteorite impact (of the same type that killed the dinosaurs 185 million years later). Among the survivors were various species of therapsids, which were free to radiate into the depopulated landscape of the early  Triassic  period. A good example is  Lystrosaurus, which evolutionary writer Richard Dawkins has called the Noah of the Permian/Triassic boundary: fossils of this 200-pound therapsid have been found all over the world. Here’s where things get weird. During the Permian period, the cynodonts (dog-toothed reptiles) that descended from the earliest therapsids developed some distinctly mammalian characteristics. Theres solid evidence that reptiles like  Cynognathus  and  Thrinaxodon  had fur, and they may also have had  warm-blooded metabolisms  and black, wet, dog-like noses. Cynognathus (Greek for dog jaw) may even have given birth to live young, which by almost any measure would make it much closer to a mammal than to a reptile! Sadly, the therapsids were doomed by the end of the Triassic period, muscled out of the scene by the archosaurs (of which more below), and then by the archosaurs immediate descendants, the  earliest dinosaurs. However, not all therapsids went extinct: a few small genera survived for tens of millions of years, scurrying unnoticed under the feet of lumbering dinosaurs and evolving into the first  prehistoric mammals  (of which the immediate predecessor may have been the small, quivering therapsid Tritylodon.) Enter the Archosaurs Another family of prehistoric reptile, called the  archosaurs, coexisted with the therapsids (as well as the other land reptiles that survived the Permian/Triassic extinction). These early diapsids- so-called because of the two, rather than one, holes in their skulls behind each eye socket- managed to out-compete the therapsids, for reasons that are still obscure. We do know that the teeth of archosaurs were more firmly set in their jaw sockets, which would have been an evolutionary advantage, and its possible that they were quicker to evolve upright, bipedal postures (Euparkeria, for example, may have been one of the first archosaurs capable of rearing up on its hind legs.) Toward the end of the Triassic period, the first archosaurs split off into the first primitive dinosaurs: small, quick, bipedal carnivores like  Eoraptor,  Herrerasaurus,  and  Staurikosaurus. The identity of the immediate progenitor of the dinosaurs is still a matter of debate, but one likely candidate is  Lagosuchus  (Greek for rabbit crocodile), a tiny, bipedal archosaur that possessed a number of distinctly dinosaur-like characteristics, and that sometimes goes by the name  Marasuchus. (Recently, paleontologists identified what may well be the earliest dinosaur descended from archosaurs, the 243-million-year-old  Nyasasaurus.) It would, however, be a very dinosaur-centric way of looking at things to write archosaurs out of the picture as soon as they evolved into the first theropods. The fact is that archosaurs went on to spawn two other mighty races of animals: the  prehistoric crocodiles  and the  pterosaurs, or flying reptiles. In fact, by all rights, we should be giving crocodiles precedence over dinosaurs, since these fierce reptiles are still with us today, whereas  Tyrannosaurus Rex,  Brachiosaurus,  and all the rest arent!

Life Cycle Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Literature review

Life Cycle Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions - Literature review Example This increase in demand will lead to construction of new power plants; this means that more greenhouse gas will be released into environment; and the environment will continue to be affected by the greenhouse emissions. Generally, there exists a number of ways in which electric energy (electricity) is produced; and each method of production has benefits and disadvantages in relation to operation cost, and impact on the environment, among other factors. For example, the major sources of electric energy include: nuclear energy, coal, natural gas, hydroelectric, oil, biomass, solar and wind among others. Therefore, there is a great need that the future power plants are built such that greenhouse emissions are kept as minimum as possible, and environmental impact is minimized. In this regard, this research paper has carried out a life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from four natural gas and biomass power plants in United Kingdom. The plants investigated in this research inc lude: Elean, Knapton, Sleaford and Sutton Bridge power plants. These power plants source electricity from natural gas, oil, and/or biomass among others. Table of Contents 1.INTRODUCTION 5 1.1 Aims 6 1.2 Problem statement 6 2.LITERATURE REVIEW 7 2.1 Understanding Lifecycle assessment 7 2.2 Lifecycle assessment of the various energy sources 8 2.2.1 Fossil Fuel 8 2.2.2 Lignite 8 2.2.3 Coal 8 2.2.4 Oil 9 2.2.5 Biomass 9 3.METHODOLOGY 9 4.ELEAN POWER PLANT 10 4.1 Power plant’s Brief preview 10 4.2 Characteristics of straw used on the power (the major source of fuel) 10 4.3 Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from Elean Power Plant 12 4.3.1 The source of Straw used in Elean Power Plant 12 4.3.2 Transportation of straw to the power plant 12 4.3.3 Calculation of greenhouse emissions as a result of combusion of diesel 18 4.4 Emission with carbon capture 33 4.5 MASS BALANCE FOR ELEAN POWER PLANT 34 4.6 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ELEAN POWER PLANT 37 5.SLEAFORD RENEWABLE ENERGY PLANT 39 5.1 Preview of sleaford power plant 39 5.2 Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from Sleaford Renewable Energy 41 5.3 Calculation of greenhouse emissions as a result of combusion of diesel 44 5.4 Emission with carbon capture 56 5.5 Mass Balance 56 5.6 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FOR SLEAFORD RENEWABLE ENERGY 59 6SUTTON BRIDGE POWER STATION 60 6.1 Brief Preview of the power plant 60 6.2 Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from Sutton Bridge Power Plant 61 6.3 Emission with carbon capture 67 Elean power plant is considered one of the major Biomass fired power stations in the world; in fact, according to Farming and Countryside Education (2013), it is the largest power plant in the world that is powered by straw. In addition, it is normally considered the first straw fired power plant in the United Kingdom. It is located in Cambridgeshire at Sutton area near Ely, and it was constructed in the period between 1998 and 2000 (that is, construction of the power pla nt begun in 1998, and was completed in 2000) (Farming and Countryside Education, 2013). It is estimated that the power plant consumes approximately 200000 tonnes of straw every year, and that it generates electric power that is enough to serve about 800000 homes (Galbraith, et al., 2006). Or according to   Farming and Countryside Education (2013), it produces electric power that is enough to power two towns whose sizes can be compared to that of Cambridge.   Elean power plant has two barns which are 18 meters high, and are used to house straw (fuel for the production of electricty); these barns are located on the either side the plants 25 meter high boiler   (Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions, 2012). In order that the plant fits perfectly into unfavourable surrounding landscape, it was constructed approximately 8 meters into the ground surface   (Brem, 2005).

Health Insurance Coverage Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health Insurance Coverage - Term Paper Example In the absence of universal healthcare, which is the prevalent norm in neighboring Canada and other developed countries in Europe, the US faces peculiar problems in the delivery of healthcare services’ as the latter are provided in majority by the private insurance sector and employing agencies. President Barack Obama’s latest ‘Healthcare Reform Bill’ endeavors to bring healthcare services within access of the poorest sections’ of American society, and its provisions already claim that due to its enactment as Law, healthcare services will be available to 95% of the US population, at the same time unburdening the private companies from healthcare expenditure for employees’ insurance (Gabbatt, 2010). Another reform, the ‘Young Adults and the Affordable Care Act’ has been aimed at unburdening families and businesses by allowing young adults to stay on their parents’ healthcare plans until the attainment of 26 years age (HHS, W eb). In addition to the abovementioned national policies on healthcare, individual states are streamlining their healthcare infrastructures in order to make it more accessible to everyone through advances in information technology (IT) and state policies’. ... Such exchanges are speculated to assist individuals and small employees in selecting tailor-made private health plans for individual needs from a single unified platform. The State of Oregon has been awarded an amount of $ 48,096, 307 in order to facilitate the implementation of such an exchange which will cater to the 516,000 Medicaid clients and 277,000 commercial insurance consumers to enroll for health coverage according to the Oregon Health Authority (OHA) (Irving, 2011). Similarly, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services now has access to $ 37, 757, 266 to implement an exchange which will assist state residents to access state based subsidized and non-subsidized health plans from a single platform. The Wisconsin Health department anticipates that this Grant will allow it to make available such services to 35% of the State’s hitherto non served population comprising of 160,000 individuals in the non-group market, a million employees of small businesses, and 770,000 pa rticipants involved in the State’s BadgerCare Plus and Medicaid Programs (Irving, 2011). In Massachusetts, the University Medical School has been awarded a sum of $ 35.591,333 in order to facilitate an IT exchange which will cater to a multi-state consortium involving Connecticut, Maine, Rhode Island and Vermont, along with the parent state in making healthcare plans more accessible and individualized for the residents (Irving, 2011). Voters in Oregon had already disapproved a movement to implement a Canadian-style universal healthcare plan being propositioned in 2003, fearing huge taxes and expressing mistrust in the bureaucracy, which would have assumed enormous powers in case a universal healthcare system had been implemented (Korcok, 2003).

Case Study Business Ethics Marketing Essay

Case Study Business Ethics Marketing Essay In this essay I would like to consider personal and organizational ethics and provide my own behavior concerning this issue. To begin with it should be noted that personal ethics and morality are the actual core of human behavior.  It can be said that installation of our personal ethics are the guiding for our further actions.  In this context, it is important to understand two principally different systems of personal ethical behavior.  It can be said that one of the systems can be named as system of full personal responsibility.  It includes only human personal principles and ideals and, on its basis chooses different options of human actions and thoughts.  The opposite of this system is a system of strong subordination principle.  As a rule, these systems are distributed among such religions as Islam and Judaism.  Both these systems are very comfortable and have a number of advantages.  I presume that for me, the closest is the Catholic ethical system.  However, as a fact, I have my own principles and beliefs that form my own ethics and determine my actions and words. Nevertheless, all my personal views are corrected by certain higher value system a system of values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹of the Catholic religion. According to Sayali Bedekar Patil (2010), it should be noted that business ethics is one of the most important, but at the same time the least studied areas of modern business life.  As a fact, scope of business ethics deals with issues how certain business practice is acceptable.  For example, does the vendor have the moral right at an organized presentation of products to hide information from the client about the low standards of a product safety?  Should the accountant report inaccuracies found in the audit, knowing that in this case, that the client is likely to cease cooperation with the firm?  Should car manufacturers use expensive new parts, providing security, knowing that for this reason that car becomes too expensive for the client? Despite the legality of such situations, decisions and actions, the latter should be evaluated in terms of various indicators, not just in the scale of true-false.  Business ethics is contradictory in nature.  Without any doubts, su ch questions relate to business ethics sphere of activity. As a matter of fact, business and ethics can not be considered separately from each other.  In their daily work and activity, people (at any level) will inevitably face the need to make ethical decisions.  As a rule, ethical issues arise in the field of management, marketing, manufacturing, research, human resources, financial management, business strategists, and many others. It can be said that ethical and responsible activity contributes to the creation of new competencies, because it draws its members within the entire organization and contributes to the future-oriented/ holistic approach to leadership style and better prepares the company to both external and internal changes, crises.  Hence, business ethics creates confidence, improves reputation, and helps to maintain good relations with various groups, including, customers, partners, owners, investors and organizations, as well as banks and the media.  I am convinced that ethical and responsible activity helps to impr ove the attractiveness of the company in finding good employees, to maintain the goodwill of members and enhance the value and reliability of an enterprise, to provide a consistent and constant development of the enterprise.  As a fact, ethical and responsible activity affects not only individuals and interest groups, but also the interests and profitability of the organization.  Thus, in other words, business ethics is a way to better manage the enterprise. Many experts have different definitions of what ethics  is. To find a common ground I would like to provide some of them, which in my opinion, characterize this concept the most accurately. According to Chris MacDonald (2002), ethics is a measurement of human thought and behavior that emanates from the principles of goodness and correctness. Ethics is an attempt to define the rules that should guide human activities and life values.  Ethics defines how people should treat each other. Ethics is a set of values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹that are positive and correct. Personally I think that all these definitions bear in themselves the answer for the question what is ethic. For me, ethics is a set of behavior rules of a person or organization that create its image and attitude to the person or organization by customers, partners, investors, media, authorities and so on. According to Chris MacDonald (2002), there are following ethical values: Honesty, integrity, promise-keeping, fidelity, fairness, caring for others, respect for others, responsible citizenship, pursuit for excellence and accountability. However, business ethics also include such concept like ethic dilemma. It should be noted that ethic dilemma is a problem of difficult choice between this or that way of behavior. Situations and conflicts that from time to time require making a decision in real life, often raises the ethical dilemma. As a fact, the two possible solutions of the ethical dilemma may involve behavior, which is not acceptable from the standpoint of morality. Ethical conflicts may occur in following cases: There is a significant conflict between different interests; Alternative solutions can be justified equally; The consequences are very important for those, who are concerned. I would like to provide two examples of business ethical dilemma, that in my opinion are of special interest. The first one: a client wishes to receive from a company any product or service, but when he heard the price, the client states that this price is unacceptable to him.  An employee of firm knows that the client can get the same service at competitors store.  Should the employee of the firm tell customer about the competitor or not? The second business ethical dilemma is following: my colleague tells me that he is going to leave the company and begin work on a new site, which is promised to him.  At the same time my boss gives me to understand that he will not give me a promotion, because he is going to give it to my colleague. Should I tell my colleague about it? Without any doubts it is hard to answer these dilemmas unequivocally. In my opinion, business ethical dilemma is always a compromise with yourself. On the one hand, everybody has own interests or interests of t he company. On the other hand, people should behave  themselves towards  others, as well as they  want  people to  behave towards  them. I think that that a person should decide for himself what is more important to him long-term image and honor or short-term benefit. In this part of the essay I would like to provide an analysis of my own work experience at Starbucks Corporation, where I used to work as barista. It should be noted that Starbucks believes and does business ethically and also strives to do the right things that are vital to the success of the company.  I presume that business ethics supports the mission of Starbucks and helps to protect its culture and reputation by providing resources to help partners make ethical decisions at work.   According to Kate McClelland (2007), Starbucks has its own program, which is aimed at comprehensive development of business ethics within  the company  and  as well as in  contact  with the external environment. The program develops and disseminates information materials, including business standards, promotes compliance and ethics training. Also Starbucks program explores sensitive issues such as potential conflicts of interest, and also provides additional channels for partners voice concerns.  Partners are required to report all types of questions or concerns to the program through their choice of communication channels.  As a rule, the majority of reports received on business ethics and compliance involve labor relations issues.  It can be said that Starbucks believes that company should conducting business ethically and always tries to improve its business ethical standards. According to Starbucks Ethical Sourcing (2011), Starbucks business ethics includes social responsibility and its component, among them are: Taking care about countries that produce coffee; Taking care about the environment; Taking care about communities; Taking care about employees. I would like to consider all these concepts more closely. As a matter of fact, taking care about countries that produce coffee is a very important ethical issue for Starbucks. It can be said that Starbucks takes serious measures to help coffee farmers improve their lives and protect the environment in which they grow coffee.  Starbucks has carefully studied many problems, which farmers are faced by today, including economic and environmental.  By taking care about countries that produce coffee Starbucks at the same time maintains a stable state of their plantations, pays attention to the protection of the environment and maintains high standards of coffee quality. Because Starbucks success depends largely on the stable supply of quality coffee, the company has taken steps to maintain the stability of coffee production with a simultaneous concern for the environment.  Starbucks also supports community projects to improve the welfare of families in coffee regions. The second element of Starbucks business ethics program is taking care about the environment. It should be noted that taking  measures to  reduce  waste  production and  processing  allow the company to  preserve  the natural  resources  and raise living standards  around the globe.  Starbucks actively  seeks out  opportunities  to minimize impacts on  the environment  and  contributes a lot of money and time to make our planet healthier. The third element is taking care about communities. As a fact, local Starbucks coffeehouses have become a central part of many neighborhoods, they serve as a place where people can gather, talk, talk, have a good time.  But Starbucks believes that by make their partners responsible neighbors and active participants in the events of those areas in which they live and work, together they can bring more benefits to local communities.  This is an important part of the business ethics and the culture à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â ‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹of the company. The forth element of Starbucks business ethics program is taking care about employees. More than 63,000 people work at Starbucks and all these people the company calls partners, who are a tool for success. And since Starbucks success depends largely on the dedication of the partners, the companys primary goal is to show them how much Starbucks appreciate and respect them, according to Tom Allen (2009). In my opinion, Starbucks has positive attitude to business ethics. However, I would like to say that even this business ethics structure needs some changes. First of all, there have to be made certain improvements in the sphere of business ethics because Starbucks is working globally and not in every country ethical principles are identical. That is why Starbucks can not permit to lose its image in the international business. Often, one of the ethical principles plays a considerable role in a customers decision whether visit Starbucks again or not. Good service and exemplary attitude of the staff in Starbucks Corporation always has to use ethical principles that will help the company to succeed. In order to provide the best service and unique products to the customers, Starbucks Corporation has to do everything possible to satisfy the customers needs. If I was a leader, I would create a plan of changes in business ethics and implementation of new approaches, I would take into consideration the analysis and evaluation of the current strategies, business ethical principles, newest technologies and innovative approaches that would have a company to succeed. As for specific steps, I propose the company to expand its presence in popular social networks and make a questionnaire survey in the coffee houses with the aim to improve its fairness and pursuit for excellence. I presume that open desire of the company to hear and take into account opinions and  suggestions of the customers concerning improving service quality will be the best way  to reflect its  business ethics  and  will have a positive impact  on  company image. I am convinced that this step will help Starbucks to gain more fans all over the world. This will show that Starbucks is taking care of people. To sum it up I would like to say that ethics is the humanity, honesty, respect, goodwill, fairness and trust.  It is not possible to provide effective management without business ethics, for the sake of success of the enterprise it is important to treat others with respect, appreciate other people and take into account what is happening in and around the enterprise.  Each organization is the part of the society and the wider environment, disregard for society and the environment can lead to a situation in which the company can no longer continue its activity.  Society and the environment can exist without any particular company, but the company without its environment and society will not survive.  It should be noted that people create the organization and the organization is created in the first place for the people.  All products and services that are produced and offered are created specifically for people and for their needs.   Without any doubts Starbucks Corporation has almost perfect business ethics standards. Although, if I would be a leader of the corporation I would propose the company to expand its presence in popular social networks and make a questionnaire survey in the coffee houses with the aim to improve such important ethical values as fairness and pursuit for excellence. I strongly believe that such step will help the company to hear and take into consideration opinions and  suggestions of the customers concerning Starbucks goods and service  quality and be the best way  to reflect its high  business ethics standards.